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Öğe Comparative analysis of real-time precise point positioning method in terms of positioning and zenith tropospheric delay estimation(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Atiz, Omer Faruk; Alcay, Salih; Ogutcu, Sermet; Bugdayci, IlkayThe positioning performance of widely used real-time precise point positioning (RT-PPP) software packages BNC, RTKLIB, and PPP-WIZARD were tested in terms of convergence time and accuracy. The convergence time of PPP-WIZARD solutions is reduced by ambiguity resolution (AR). The GPS + GLONASS + GALILEO (GRE) mode improved the convergence time of GPS + GALILEO (GE) mode by 22.0%, 15.5%, 17.1%, and 11.4% for the BNC, RTKLIB, PPP-WIZARD (AR) and PPP-WIZARD, respectively. For the GRE mode, RMSEs of the BNC, RTKLIB, PPP-WIZARD (AR), and PPP-WIZARD software packages in the horizontal/vertical component are 3.8/5.6, 2.6/6.2, 3.3/6.5, 4.3/7.0 cm, respectively. In comparison with the IGS-ZTD (International GNSS Service ZTD), BNC, RTKLIB, PPP-WIZARD (AR), and PPP-WIZARD solutions show a mean bias of 0.28, -0.72, 2.80, and 2.83 cm, respectively in GE mode. The GRE mode reduced the RMSEs of the ZTD estimations of BNC, RTKLIB, PPP-WIZARD (AR) and PPP-WIZARD by 2.9%, 5.1%, 0.6%, and 0.4% respectively.Öğe Designing teaching materials with disaster maps and evaluating its effectiveness for primary students(De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, 2022) Bugdayci, Ilkay; Cetinkaya, EmreOne of the most important parts of disaster management and disaster risk reduction strategies is the special vulnerability of children and the need to increase disaster awareness among them. It is very effective to design and develop awareness-raising tools suitable for children's learning needs in this process. The main purpose of this study is to contribute to raising awareness of disasters among children in Turkey. With the study, risk maps for forest fire, landslide, flood, earthquake, and avalanche in Turkey were designed, and materials were developed by equipping them with disaster-themed texts. A questionnaire was applied to 165 students in the 10-11 age group with these interesting and entertaining materials. The results indicate that the study increased students' ability to learn about disasters with maps by an average of 39%.Öğe Designing teaching materials with disaster maps and evaluating its effectiveness for primary students(De Gruyter Poland Sp Z O O, 2022) Bugdayci, Ilkay; Cetinkaya, EmreOne of the most important parts of disaster management and disaster risk reduction strategies is the special vulnerability of children and the need to increase disaster awareness among them. It is very effective to design and develop awareness-raising tools suitable for children's learning needs in this process. The main purpose of this study is to contribute to raising awareness of disasters among children in Turkey. With the study, risk maps for forest fire, landslide, flood, earthquake, and avalanche in Turkey were designed, and materials were developed by equipping them with disaster-themed texts. A questionnaire was applied to 165 students in the 10-11 age group with these interesting and entertaining materials. The results indicate that the study increased students' ability to learn about disasters with maps by an average of 39%.Öğe Detecting topographic database changes and updating 1:25.000 scale maps population class by changes(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Kalle, Fatih; Selvi, Huseyin Zahit; Bugdayci, IlkayFor rapid production of spatial data and topographic maps, map production systems should be transformed into a dynamic structure. Topographic map production system in Turkey, cartographic operations for each map are repeated in the same way, regardless of the amount of data updated in the geographic database. The implementation of similar actions on maps with very few changes is not time and cost effective. In this study, changes were determined by comparing the current and previous data from TOPODB and the resulting changes were integrated into the population class of 1:25.000 scale topographic maps in a third less time.Öğe Do Maps Contribute to Pupils' Learning Skills in Primary Schools?(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Bugdayci, Ilkay; Selvi, Huseyin ZahitWith the use of maps in different areas, a wide range of users exist who vary in their purposes and needs, according to their education level, age, cognitive level, and so on. Maps used by students in basic education need to be carefully designed and cartographers have important duties and responsibilities in designing maps according to the cognitive development levels of child users. An atlas design and production project entitled 'Atlas of Turkey for Elementary School' was carried out by the authors for the first stage of education. The aim of the study is to determine the contribution of the atlas to learning, reading and using maps. Thus, a questionnaire was applied to 494 students including 73 3rd grade (8-9 years) and 421 4th grade (9-10 years) students in four different schools. The results indicate that the use of the atlas increased the students' learning ability by an average of 40%.Öğe Evaluation of Educational Atlas Maps in Terms of Cartographic Design(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2016) Bugdayci, Ilkay; Bildirici, I. OztugNowadays, many specialists in geography recommend the usage of digital maps and atlases. But in educational system, especially in Turkey, a traditional cartography based on paper maps is used more than the digital ones. This report considers the deficiencies of current atlas maps that are used in the education of geography and social studies in terms of cartographic design. About 22 atlases has been investigated for the study. Several examples are given from these school atlases and some proposals are introduced about designing children maps.Öğe Performance investigation of LAMBDA and bootstrapping methods for PPP narrow-lane ambiguity resolution(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2021) Atiz, Omer Faruk; Ogutcu, Sermet; Alcay, Salih; Li, Pan; Bugdayci, IlkayPrecise point positioning with ambiguity resolution (PPP-AR) is a powerful tool for geodetic and time-constrained applications that require high precision. The performance of PPP-AR highly depends on the reliability of the correct integer carrier-phase ambiguity estimation. In this study, the performance of narrow-lane ambiguity resolution of PPP using the Least-squares AMBiguity Decorrelation (LAMBDA) and bootstrapping methods is extensively investigated using real data from 55 IGS stations over one-month in 2020. Static PPP with 24-, 12-, 8-, 4-, 2-, 1- and 1/2-h sessions using two different cutoff angles (7 degrees and 30 degrees) was conducted with three PPP modes: i.e. ambiguity-float and two kinds of ambiguity-fixed PPP using the LAMBDA and bootstrapping methods for narrow-lane AR, respectively. The results show that the LAMBDA method can produce more reliable results for 2 hour and shorter observation sessions compared with the bootstrapping method using a 7 degrees cutoff angle. For a 30 degrees cutoff angle, the LAMBDA method outperforms the bootstrapping method for observation sessions of 4 h and less. For long observation times, the bootstrapping method produced much more accurate coordinates compared with the LAMBDA method without considering the wrong fixes cases. The results also show that occurrences of fixing the wrong integer ambiguities using the bootstrapping method are higher than that of the LAMBDA method.Öğe Spatial Analysis of SO2, PM10, CO, NO2, and O3 Pollutants: The Case of Konya Province, Turkey(Mdpi, 2023) Bugdayci, Ilkay; Ugurlu, Oguz; Kunt, FatmaGeographical information systems are frequently used in analyses of air quality based on location and time. They are also used in the creation of pollution distribution maps to determine the parameters related to air pollutants. In this study, a spatial analysis of SO2, PM10, CO, NO2 and O-3 pollutants, which cause air pollution within the borders of the municipal urban areas of Konya province, was carried out for the years 2019-2020. In this context, air pollution maps were produced using the IDW interpolation method with data obtained from the National Air Quality Monitoring Network stations, which belong to the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization, in the Konya region. The results obtained were examined with maps and graphics based on the limit values found in the Air Quality Assessment and Management Regulation published by the Ministry of Environment and Urbanization. In this context, the periods of lockdown experienced during the COVID-19 pandemic were also evaluated in terms of air pollution. From the evaluation made on the values taken from the air quality stations, it can be observed that the air pollution did not violate the national limit value much in 2019 and 2020.Öğe Teaching Map Concepts in Social Science Education; an Evaluation with Undergraduate Students(Iop Publishing Ltd, 2017) Bugdayci, Ilkay; Selvi, H. ZahitOne of the most important aim of the geography and social science courses is to gain the ability of reading, analysing and understanding maps. There are a lot of themes related with maps and map concepts in social studies education. Geographical location is one of the most important theme. Geographical location is specified by geographical coordinates called latitude and longitude. The geographical coordinate system is the primary spatial reference system of the earth. It is always used in cartography, in geography, in basic location calculations such as navigation and surveying. It's important to support teacher candidates, to teach maps and related concepts. Cartographers also have important missions and responsibilities in this context. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the knowledge of undergraduate students, about the geographical location. For this purpose, a research has been carried out on questions and activities related to geographical location and related concepts. The details and results of the research conducted by the students in the study are explained.