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Öğe Construction of an Amperometric Cholesterol Biosensor Based on DTP(aryl)aniline Conducting Polymer Bound Cholesterol Oxidase(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2018) Cevik, Emre; Cerit, Alaaddin; Gazel, Nilay; Yildiz, Huseyin BekirIn this study, an amperometric cholesterol biosensor was constructed based on cholesterol oxidase immobilized on a conducting 4-(4H-dithienol[3,2-b:2,3-d]pyrrole-4)aniline polymer, (DTP(aryl)aniline). Glassy carbon electrodes were covered with P(DTP(aryl)aniline) which is used for the wiring of enzyme to the electrode surface by using electro-polymerization. The electron transfer was successfully made by the bio-catalytic activity and possession of the unique morphology of the polymer allowed efficient immobilization of the cholesterol oxidase enzyme. Analytical performances; linear range, detection limit, limit of quantification and the Michaelis-Menten constant (K-m) of biosensor electrodes were obtained 2.0M-23.7M, 0.27M, 0.82M, 17,81M respectively. Biosensor optimization parameters: optimum pH, optimum temperature, stability test and response time were evaluated. The real sample and recovery studies were also performed in order to show applicability of the biosensing electrodes.Öğe Determination of mechanical and damping properties of hazelnut shell powder reinforced biocomposites by ultrasonic method(Wiley, 2023) Oral, Imran; Kocaman, Suheyla; Cerit, Alaaddin; Ahmetli, GulnareThis research was carried out to figure out the effect of chemical treatments of hazelnut shell powders (HSPs) on the elastic properties, ultrasonic wave velocities, and damping properties of bio-based epoxy resin (BER) biocomposites. Natural hazelnut shells (HSs) were chemically treated using sodium hydroxide (NaOH), and acetic anhydride (AA). Then, HSs that were chemically treated with NaOH and AA, and HSs that were not subjected to chemical treatment were ground to obtain HSPs. The treated HSPs (HSP-NaOH and HSP-AA), and untreated HSPs were contributed to the neat BER in varied compositions such as 10-50 wt% to obtain the BER/HSP, BER/HSP-NaOH, and BER/HSP-AA biocomposites. The effect of untreated, and treated HSP ratios on the density, ultrasonic wave velocities, Young's modulus, Bulk modulus, Shear modulus, Poisson ratio, microhardness, and damping characteristics (attenuation coefficient, loss tangent and quality factor) of the novel HSP-based biocomposites, was investigated by the ultrasonic pulse-echo overlap method (PEOM). A significant increase in the density, ultrasonic wave velocities, and elastic modulus values of the biocomposites was seen compared to the neat BER. Based on the obtained elastic modulus values, the most appropriate combination ratio between the neat BER, and HSP-NaOH was determined as 50:50.Öğe Electrochemical Glucose Biosensors: Whole Cell Microbial and Enzymatic Determination Based on 10-(4H-Dithieno[3,2-b:2?,3?-d]Pyrrol-4-yl)Decan-1-Amine Interfaced Glassy Carbon Electrodes(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2019) Cevik, Emre; Cerit, Alaaddin; Tombuloglu, Huseyin; Sabit, Hussein; Yildiz, Huseyin BekirThe fabrication of amperometric biosensors based on whole cell Gluconobacter oxydans DSMZ 2343 (G. oxydans) and glucose oxidase (GOx) was performed for the detection of glucose. Glassy carbon electrodes (GCE) were coated with a 10-(4H-dithiyeno [3,2-b:2',3'-d]pyroll-4-il)decan-1-amine (DTP-alkyl-NH2) polymer using an electropolymerization method and the formed interface was used to connect the bacteria and the enzyme to the electrode. The transfer of electrons from enzyme to electrode was successfully demonstrated by the biocatalytic activity and unique morphology of the conducting polymer. Characterization of the biosensors was assessed using cyclic voltammetry (CV), electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analyses. The detection limits of the enzyme and microbial based biosensors for glucose were 0.022 and 0.081 mM, respectively. The broad linear dynamic ranges of the GOx and G. oxydans biosensors were observed to be 0.045-50.0 and 0.19-50.0 mM, respectively. The analytical performances of biosensors were compared according to the following figures of merit: detection limits, limits of quantification, pH and current response time. In addition, to demonstrate the applicability of the biosensors, real-time measurements and recovery studies were evaluated.Öğe Evaluation of photolitographic properties of functional groups containing polystyrenes(Pamukkale Univ, 2022) Cerit, AlaaddinIn this study, different molecular weighted PSs were chemically modified by two functional modifiers (maleic anhydride (MA) and acetic anhydride (AA)) under optimum reaction conditions with BF3O(C2H5)2 catalyst and the bonding of active functional groups (MAPS: -CO-CH=CH-COOH and AAPS:-CO-CH3) to the aromatic ring of the polymer was carried out. Depending on the structure of the carboxyl and acetyl groups attached to the aromatic ring, the photolithographic properties were examined by solubility and FT-IR analysis, also the effect of borneol, which is used as a sensitizer-activator, on photolithographic properties was investigated. As a result, the optimum reaction conditions was found to be as PS:modifier mole ratio 1:0.2; modifier:catalyst molar ratio 1:1 and it was determined that more functional groups were attached to the structure of lower molecular weighted PS. It was determined that modified PSs dissolved less in toluene than virgin PS (70.04% and 85.48% respectively). In dissolution tests performed after irradiation, the best value was obtained from MAPS (54.51%), while there was no significant change in the dissolution values of AAPS (83.46%). However the solubility value of MAPS decreased to 49.67% with the irradiation process performed after the addition of borneol substance but there was no significant change in the solubility values of AAPS (84.50%). In addition, it was observed that the dissolution values decreased depending on the irradiation time in MAPS, but it was not observed in AAPS. The decrease in dissolution of MAPS after UV irradiation has proven that MAPSs are light sensitive and they are negative photoresists that crosslinked by light effect. It was observed that the borneol also supports the photoresist feature. Although AAPS gives lower dissolution values than virgin PS but no significant change was observed in dissolution values after UV -irradiation and it was determined that AAPS did not present photoresist properties.
