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Öğe ANATOMICAL AND MICROMORPHOLOGICAL DIFFERENTIATION IN THE GENUS MOLTKIA LEHM IN TURKEY(Pakistan Botanical Soc, 2012) Dogu, Suleyman; Dinc, Muhittin; Pinar, Nur MuvevverThe genus Moltkia Lehm., is represented by Moltkia coerulea (Willd.) Lehm., and Moltkia aurea Boiss in Turkey. The aim of this study is to determine the anatomical and micromorphological characteristics of the 2 species, and to compare these features with each other. For the anatomical studies, transverse sections of stem and leaves, and the surface sections of leaves were studied. For the micromorphological studies, the pollens were examined using light and scanning electron microscope (SEM), and the nutlets were examined using stereo-microscope and SEM. After the studies, it was pointed out that they are very distinct from each other in terms of the anatomical and micromorphological features. According to the results obtained from anatomical studies, there are lots of differences between the two species considering the structure of the cortex, vascular cambium and endodermis of the stems. The vasculer bundle and upper and lower surface of the leaves are also noticeably different in 2 species. The 2 taxa are also readily distinguishable in terms of the pollen characteristics such as pollen shape, the outline in equatorial and polar view, polarity, aperture type and distribution and tectum ornamentation. In addition, while the nutlet shape is similar in the taxa, its surface is verrucate in M. coerulea, but tuberculate in M. aurea.Öğe ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF MUSCARI VURALII Y. BAGCI & DOGU (HYACINTHACEAE)(State Natural History Museum Nas Ukraine, 2013) Dogu, Suleyman; Dinc, MuhittinMuscari vuralii Y. Bagci & Dogu has been recently published rare endemic species growing in South Anatolia. In the present study, anatomical features of this species were determined. The studies were carried out on tranverse sections of scapes and leaves, and surface sections of the leaves. According to the results, the leaves are equifacial and amphistomatic with anomocytic stomata. There is 1-layered palisade parenchyma under each epidermis, and richly developed 8-10-layered spongy parenchyma between the two palisades. Some spongy parenchyma cells include raphide crystals. Vascular bundles are located in equal intervals in spongy parenchyma. In the scape, the cortex is multilayered and the vascular bundles are located in two rows.Öğe ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TURKISH ENDEMIC STACHYS RUPESTRIS MONTBRET ET AUCHER EX BENT HAM (LAMIACEAE)(State Natural History Museum Nas Ukraine, 2015) Kaya, Basturk; Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, SuleymanStachys rupestris Montbret et Aucher ex Bentham, is an endemic species that show deploying at Middle Taurus and Amanos mountains in Turkey. In this study, the stem and leaf anatomy of the individuals that were collected from Mersin-Aslankoy were investigated. The obtained data from the anatomical studies shows that S. rupestris represents the anatomical characteristics of Lamiaceae family. The stem in primer structure is quadrangular, with a vascular bundle at each corner and it has collenchyma layer in rich. The leaf and stem epidermises are covered by long and short glandular trichomes. Leaves are amphistomatic and dorsiventral; and the mesophyll are formed of 3-4 layered palisade parenchyma at the upper part and 3-4 layered spongy parenchyma - at the lower part.Öğe ANATOMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF TURKISH STENO-ENDEMIC ORIGANUM LEPTOCLADUM BOISS. (LAMIACEAE)(State Natural History Museum Nas Ukraine, 2013) Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, SuleymanOriganum leptocladum Boiss. is an endemic East Mediterranean element, naturally growing only in Ermenek district of Karaman province in Turkey. The aim of this study is to determine anatomical features of the species. The study materials were collected from Karaman-Ermenek in 2009 and then preserved in 70 % alcohol. O. leptocladum generally exhibits the anatomical feaures of the family Lamiaceae. Hovewer, herbaceaus stem is weakly-rectangle shaped or tends to be circular, the collenchymatic tissue at the corner of the stem and scleranchymatic pericycle around the vascular tissue are weakly-developed. The most striking anatomical feature is that leaf lamina is dorsiventral in the region near to midvein, but equifacial out of the midvein. According to the results, while the stomata are of mesomorphic type on the leaf surfaces, O. leptocladum has xeromorphic characters such as palisade richness in mesophyll, the occurrence of rich scleranchymatic tissue in midvein and cuticle thickness on leaf surface.Öğe Anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities of endemic Stachys buttleri Mill. and Stachys pinardii Boiss. essential oils(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2023) Uestuener, Hatice; Barak, Timur Hakan; Servi, Hueseyin; Ertekin, Simge Kara; Sen, Ali; Dinc, Muhittin; Oezkan, Vedat KadirThere are numerous species in genus Stachys which are known for valuable and bioactive essential oils. For this study, essential oils of Stachys buttleri (SBE) and S. pinardii (SPE) were obtained by hydrodistillation method and the chemical composition of essential oils were determined by GC-MS analysis. Anticancer, antidiabetic, and antioxidant activities of essential oils were tested by MTT assay, alpha-glucosidase inhibitory, and ABTS radical scavenging methods, respectively. Forty-one compounds were determined in SBE (83.5%) which kolavelool (34.9%) was the main compound and diterpenoids (61.2%) were the dominant group of SBE. Thirty-three constituents were identified in SPE (90.6%) and trans-nerolidol (35.7%) and geranyl-alpha-terpinene (17.2%) were the most abundant compounds. SPE was characterized by its high proportion of oxygenated sesquiterpenes (39.1%), diterpenoids (21.4%), aromatics (14.8%), and sesquiterpenes (10.8%). Both essential oils showed strong anticancer activity against A549, U87MG, Ishikawa, and MCF-7 cell lines. These results indicated that SBE and SPE had potent anticancer activity. The IC50 values of essential oils were between 21.33-98.3 mu g/mL. Both essential oils showed moderate antioxidant and antidiabetic activities. This study is the first report on the chemical composition and biological activities of the essential oils of S. buttleri and S. pinardii.Öğe Antiviral activity of Ribes uva-crispa L. extracts in vitro(Univ Karachi, 2020) Dogan, Hasan Huseyin; Duman, Rustem; Dinc, MuhittinThere is currently no approved vaccine or a useful antiviral drug against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) that causes viral infection worldwide. Crude plant extracts can be an important resource for the development of new anti-RSV agents. In this study, cytotoxic and anti-RSV effect of the extracts Ribes uva-crispa, which has been known as gooseberry in Turkey and fruits used in the treatment of the various disorders, were evaluated by colorimetric XTT method. Results were expressed as 50% cytotoxicity (CC50), 50% effective concentration (EC50) and selectivity index (SI: CC50 / EC50). Of the tested extracts, the highest antiviral activity was found to be 96.90 mu g/mL EC50 and 11.70 SI from fruit aqueous extract; it was followed by leaf methanol extract (EC50: 2527.41 mu g/mL, SI: 6.55), leaf aqueous extract (EC50: 1093.37 mu g/mL, SI: 1.40) and fruit methanol extract (EC50: 11262.35 mu g/mL, SI: 0.56), respectively. As a result, we can say that these extracts, especially Ribes uva-crispa fruit aqueous and leaf methanol extracts, are worthy of further studies for the development of new and unique anti-RSV drugs.Öğe Arenaria goekyigitii (Caryophyllaceae), a new species from Turkey(Magnolia Press, 2020) Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, SuleymanArenaria goekyigitii (Caryophyllaceae) is described as a new species from Karaman-Ermenek (Turkey). The new species is morphologically similar to A. angustifolia (=Arenaria yunus-emrei) from which mainly differs by the habit (mat-forming, slender vs. mat-forming, rigid in A. angustifolia), leaf shape (oblanceolate vs. linear-spathulate to linear in A. angustifolia), and seed surface (rugose-granulatelae vs. areolate-papillate in A. angustifolia). A detailed description, ecological data, original photos, and conservation status of the new species are given.Öğe Centaurea dumanii comb. & stat. nov. (Asteraceae)(Finnish Zoological Botanical Publishing Board, 2012) Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, SuleymanCentaurea cassia Boiss. subsp. dumanii M. Dinc, A. Duran & B. Bilgili has been previously described as a new taxon based on the type photograph and description of C. cassia subsp. cassia. A detailed comparison of the plants from wild populations of the two subspecies revealed that subsp. dumanii was sufficiently distinct from subsp. cassia to be recognised as a separate species. We thus recognise it as Centaurea dumanii (M. Dinc, A. Duran & B. Bilgili) M. Dinc & S. Dogu, comb. & stat. nov. It is close to C. cassia from which it differs, in addition to the previously known diagnostic characters, by having an ovate to oblong and cuneate-based involucre, nearly flat appendages, and achenes with a spreading and longer pappus.Öğe Chemical Diversity of Volatiles of Teucrium orientale L. var. orientale, var. puberulens, and var. glabrescens Determined by Simultaneous GC-FID and GC/MS Techniques(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2012) Ozek, Gulmira; Ozek, Temel; Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, Suleyman; Baser, Kemal H. C.In the present work, three varieties of Teucrium orientale, var. orientale, var. puberulens, and var. glabrescens, were collected and investigated for chemical composition of the oils. Subsequent gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC/MS) revealed high abundance of sesquiterpenes in the essential oils analyzed. All the oils contained beta-caryophyllene (22.6, 8.5, and 6.3%, resp.) and hexadecanoic acid (7.9, 12.8, and 13.1%). Germacrene D (24.6 and 33.4%) and bicyclogermacrene (6.7 and 8.5%) were found to be the main constituents of var. orientale and var. puberulens, respectively. The high percentages of beta-cubebene (26.9%), a-cubebene (9.0%), and a-copaene (7.2%) established the diversity of var. glabrescens. The qualitative difference between the essential oils allowed the differentiation between the varieties in agreement with the morphological observations described in Flora of Turkey for each variety studied. In addition, a cluster analysis of twelve Teucrium taxa based on the essential-oil composition has been carried out. Hovewer, the analysis did not clearly reflect the infrageneric classification of the genus, it largely confirmed the relationships between the infraspecific taxa of Teucrium orientale and T. chamaedrys.Öğe Composition and Anticandidial Activity of the Essential Oil of Kundmannia syriaca from Turkey(Springer, 2016) Kaya, Ayla; Demirci, Betul; Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, Suleyman[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Composition of the essential oil of Stachys sericantha, S-gaziantepensis, and S-mardinensis (Lamiaceae) from Turkey(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Kaya, Ayla; Demirci, Betul; Dogu, Suleyman; Dinc, MuhittinThe genus Stachys L. one of the largest genera of Lamiaceae and Stachys species are used by many people for the therapeutic value of their essential oils. In this study, water-distilled essential oil of three species of Stachys was analysed. The analysis was performed by using gas chromatography-flame ionisation detector (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems simultaneously. The major components found were hexadecanoic acid (23.7%), dodecanoic acid (11.3%), and caryophyllene oxide (10.7%) for S. sericantha P.H. Davis (endemic); -pinene (53%), -pinene (8.2%) for S. gaziantepensis M. Dinc and S. Dou (endemic); Menthyl acetate (15.3%), isomenthone (15.0%), pulegone (10%), spathulenol (7.0%), and caryophyllene oxide (6.7%) for S. mardinensis (Post) R. Mill.Öğe Compositions of essential oils of Salvia adenophylla, Salvia pilifera, and Salvia viscosa in Turkey(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2017) Kaya, Ayla; Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, Suleyman; Demirci, BetulIn the Anatolia folk medicine, Salvia species are used by many people in various villages and towns for the therapeutic value of their essential oils. In this study, water-distilled essential oil of three species of Salvia (Lamiaceae) was analyzed. The analysis was performed using a gas chromatography (GC-FID) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry systems, simultaneously. The major components were found as -pinene (16.2%) and -pinene (14.4%) for Salvia adenophylla Hedge & Hub-Mor. (endemic); -pinene (24.9%), myrcene (9.0%), and -humulene (7.9%) for Salvia pilifera Montbret et Aucher ex Bentham (endemic); -copaene (13.0%), -caryophyllene (10.8%), -muurolene (9.8%), -cadinene, and caryophyllene oxide (8.0%) for Salvia viscosa Jacq.Öğe Compositions of the essential oils of Ballota nigra subsp uncinata and subsp anatolica from Turkey(Assoc Pharmaceutical Teachers India, 2017) Kaya, Ayla; Kurkcoglu, Mine; Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, SuleymanBackground: Ballota nigra L. is a member of Lamiaceae family and is represented in the Flora of Turkey by five subspecies. Subsp. uncinata is a mediterranean element while subsp. anatolica is a Irano-Turanian phytogeographic region. Material and Methods: The essential oils from aerial parts of subsp. uncinata and subsp. anatolica were isolated by hydrodistillation. The analysis was performed by using a gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography- mass spectrometry (GC-MS) systems, simultaneously. Results: Twenty-two compounds were identified from the oil of subsp. uncinata representing 96.9% of the total oil and fourteen compounds were identified from the oil of subsp. anatolica representing 88% of the total oil. The major components were characterized as caryophyllene oxide (21.2%), hexadecanoic acid (19.9%), beta-caryophyllene (18.9%) for subsp. uncinata and hexadecanoic acid (40.9%) and beta-bisabolene (13.4%) for subsp. anatolica, respectively.Öğe Compositions of the Essential Oils of Teucrium cavernarum and Teucrium paederotoides, Two Endemic Species from Turkey(Taylor & Francis Ltd, 2013) Kaya, Ayla; Demirci, Betul; Dinc, Muhittin; Dogu, Suleyman; Husnu Can Baser, K.The essential oils from aerial parts of Teucrium cavernarum P. H. Davis and Teucrium paederotoides Boiss. & Hausskn. (Lamiaceae) both of which are endemic species in Turkey were isolated by steam distillation and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Plants were collected during the flowering period from Karaman (T. cavernarum) and Gaziantep (T. paederotoides) province of Turkey. Thirty compounds were identified in the oil of T. cavernarum and seventy three compounds were identified in the oil of T. paederotoides. The major components were characterized as beta-caryophyllene (32.9 %), germacrene D (20.7 %), caryophyllene oxide (14.1 %) and bicyclogermacrene (6.3 %) for T. cavernarum and germacrene-D (20.8 %), pulegone (9.5 %), bicyclogermacrene (9.2 %), hexacecanoic acid (7.9 %) and spathulenol (6.5 %) for T. paederotoides, respectively.Öğe Critical taxonomical notes on poorly known Johrenia porteri Post ex Boiss. (Apiaceae)(State Natural History Museum Nas Ukraine, 2021) Bagci, Yavuz; Dinc, MuhittinIn addition to the incomplete type from Turkey, Johrenia porteri Post ex Boiss. is known from only two herbarium specimens of doubtful systematic position from Turkey-Syria border. The deficiencies in both type and other herbarium samples have been caused uncertainty and debate about the taxonomic position of the species. In this article, Johrenia porteri is epitipified and its taxonomic position has been clarified. The description of the species has been expanded with the studies conducted within the scope of the samples collected in different developmental periods from the type locality as well.Öğe CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF RIBES UVA CRISPA LINN. AND RIBES MULTIFLORUM KIT. EX ROMER AND SCHULTES EXTRACTS(Int Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, 2018) Duman, Rustem; Dogan, Hasan Huseyin; Dinc, Muhittin; Tuncer, PinarTo find new antiviral agents from natural sources, methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves and fruits of Ribes uva crispa and Ribes multiflorum naturally grown in Turkey were investigated as in vitro to reveal their antiviral activities against Herpes simplex virus type 1. All experiments were performed in 96-well plates and results were measured with XTT-based colorimetric assay. Results demonstrated that all extracts have no cytotoxic effect on vero cells at 10000 mu g/mL, while they also exhibited anti-HSV-1 activity with different percentages of protection (varying between 2.65% - 50.40%) in 10000 mu g/mL which was at the highest concentration in vero cells. 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of the extracts which were determined having percentage of protection against HSV-1 at concentrations lower than 10000 mu g/mL were calculated using GraphPad Prism Version 5.03 statistics program with non-linear regression analysis. These extracts were determined to have EC50 values ranging between 9710 - 70600 mu g/mL and selectivity index (SI) are ranging between 0.14 - 1.03. On the basis of these results we believe that it would be worthwhile expanding these studies to include additional species of Turkish plants.Öğe CYTOTOXIC AND ANTIVIRAL ACTIVITY OF RIBES UVA CRISPA LINN. AND RIBES MULTIFLORUM KIT. EX ROMER AND SCHULTES EXTRACTS(Int Journal Pharmaceutical Sciences & Research, 2018) Duman, Rustem; Dogan, Hasan Huseyin; Dinc, Muhittin; Tuncer, PinarTo find new antiviral agents from natural sources, methanol and aqueous extracts of leaves and fruits of Ribes uva crispa and Ribes multiflorum naturally grown in Turkey were investigated as in vitro to reveal their antiviral activities against Herpes simplex virus type 1. All experiments were performed in 96-well plates and results were measured with XTT-based colorimetric assay. Results demonstrated that all extracts have no cytotoxic effect on vero cells at 10000 mu g/mL, while they also exhibited anti-HSV-1 activity with different percentages of protection (varying between 2.65% - 50.40%) in 10000 mu g/mL which was at the highest concentration in vero cells. 50% effective concentrations (EC50) of the extracts which were determined having percentage of protection against HSV-1 at concentrations lower than 10000 mu g/mL were calculated using GraphPad Prism Version 5.03 statistics program with non-linear regression analysis. These extracts were determined to have EC50 values ranging between 9710 - 70600 mu g/mL and selectivity index (SI) are ranging between 0.14 - 1.03. On the basis of these results we believe that it would be worthwhile expanding these studies to include additional species of Turkish plants.Öğe A new species of Astragalus (Fabaceae) from Turkey(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2013) Dinc, Muhittin; Aytac, Zeki; Dogu, SuleymanAstragalus silifkeense Dinc, Aytac & Dogu sp. nov. (Fabaceae, sect. Astragalus Bunge) is described as a new species from Silifke (Mersin Province), in southern Anatolia, Turkey. The new species is closely related to A. columnaris Boiss., endemic to Denizli in western Anatolia, and A. gilvus Boiss. in Ankara Province, Turkey. Taxonomic descriptions, as well as pollen and seed characters of the new species, are presented. The new species grows in an open Abies cilicica (Antoine & Kotschy) Carriere forest. The geographical distribution of the new species, along with that of A. columnaris and A. gilvus, is shown. The new species is compared with is relatives A. columnaris and A. gilvus.Öğe A new species of Genista sect. Spartocarpus (Fabaceae) from Karaman (Turkey)(Magnolia Press, 2018) Dinc, Muhittin; Bagci, Yavuz[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Taxonomic status of the subspecies of Teucrium lamiifolium in Turkey: reevaluation based on macro- and micro-morphology, anatomy and chemistry(Wiley, 2013) Dogu, Suleyman; Dinc, Muhittin; Kaya, Ayla; Demirci, BetulTeucrium stachyophyllum P. H. Davis was first described as a separate species in the Syrian, Lebanon and Palestine Flora', but was reduced to a subspecies of T. lamiifolium d'Urv. in the Turkish Flora'. Studies on the macro- and micro-morphology as well as the anatomy of populations of T. lamiifolium subsp. stachyophyllum (P. H. Davis) Hedge & Ekim and T. lamiifolium subsp. lamiifolium in Turkey have been carried out based on herbarium specimens and field observations. The results from the anatomical studies on stems and leaves show that although the two taxa are similar in stem anatomy, they differ in terms of mesophyll thickness and occurrence of crystals in the upper epidermal cells of the leaf. Light and scanning electron microscope analyzes revealed striking differences in colour, size, sculpture and gland density between nutlets of the two taxa. Morphological studies also showed that there were important differences between the two taxa in terms of inflorescence, indumentum, and stem length and thickness. In addition, the essential oils from aerial parts of T. lamiifolium subsp. stachyophyllum and T. lamiifolium subsp. lamiifolium were isolated by steam distillation and analysed by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatographymass spectrometry (GCMS). The major components were characterized as -caryophyllene (23.544.8%), trans--bergamotene (22.426.4%), germacrene D (22.2%) and (Z)--farnesene (14.0%) for subp. lamiifolium and trans--bergamotene (38.141.1%) and -caryophyllene (8.78.9%) for subsp. stachyophyllum, respectively. As a result of the studies, it is proposed that the taxon treated as T. lamiifolium subsp. stachyophyllum in the Turkish flora should be raised to specific rank as T. stachyophyllum.