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Öğe Cadmium and lead bioaccumulation potentials of an aquatic macrophyte Ceratophyllum demersum L.: A laboratory study(Academic Press Inc Elsevier Science, 2018) Dogan, Muhammet; Karatas, Mehmet; Aasim, MuhammadCadmium (Cd) and lead (Pb) pollutions caused by industrial activities are one of the most serious threats to aquatic ecosystems. The aim of this study is to investigate the Cd and Pb bioaccumulations and diverse physiological and biochemical properties of Ceratophyllum demersum L. exposed to different concentrations of Cd (0.5-2.0 mg/L) and Pb (25-100 mg/L) in aqueous media for 1, 3 and 5 days. Cd and Pb accumulations increased with increase in the exposure times and concentrations, and the highest accumulation values of Cd and Pb were recorded at 2 mg/L (2668.33 mg/kg dw) and 100 mg/L (22,504.10 mg/kg dw), respectively, after 5 days. However, higher bioconcentration factors (BCF) were calculated as 645.43 at 25 mg/L Pb and as 1357.92 at 1 mg/L Cd after 5 days. The results showed that photosynthetic pigments (chlorophyll a, b and carotenoids) and protein contents of the plants exposed to Cd and Pb toxicities decreased with increasing metal concentration and exposure time, whereas their malondialdehyde (MDA) contents increased. Additionally, the single and synergistic effects of duration and metal concentration on the fresh and dry weights of the plant were determined. The results of this study reveal that C. demersum, propagated by tissue culture technique, can be used effectively in the phytoremediation of aquatic environments contaminated by Cd and Pb. This study will also make a positive contribution to the progression of new phytotechnologies on the purpose of the remediation of wastewater by plants in future.Öğe DETERMINATION OF IN VITRO FREE RADICAL SCAVENGING ACTIVITIES OF VARIOUS EXTRACTS FROM IN VITRO PROPAGATED Ceratophyllum demersum L.(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Karatas, Mehmet; Dogan, Muhammet; Emsen, Bugrahan; Aasim, MuhammadThe study presents multiple shoot regeneration of Ceratophyllum demersum L. from shoot tip meristem explants culturing on liquid MS medium 0.05-0.40 mg/L Kinetin (KIN). Thereafter, free radical scavenging activities with 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl free radical (DPPH) of aqueous and methanol extracts of C. demersum were also investigated. The highest number of shoots per explants (74.53) and the highest shoot length (4.93 cm) were obtained on MS medium containing 0.20 mg/L Kinetin. Extracts from C. demersum were effective in the following order: water > methanol. DPPH scavenging activities of treatments with maximum concentration (10 mg/ml) of water and methanol extracts were 68.91 and 51.22%, respectively. It was shown that there was high positive correlation between DPPH scavenging activity and concentration for both extracts. At the same time, IC50 values of water and methanol extracts showed aqueous as most effective extract with 3.689 mg/ml.Öğe EFFICACY OF IN VITRO PROPAGATED COONTAIL (CERATOPHYLLUM DEMERSUM L.) ON QUALITY OF DIFFERENT WATER SAMPLES(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Karatas, Mehmet; Aasim, Muhammad; Dogan, MuhammetCoontail (Ceratophyllum demersum L.) is an important aquatic macrophyte used for phytoremediation of heavy metals. Shoot tip, 1st and 2nd nodal meristem explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium containing 0.05-0.40 mg/L 6-benzylaminopurine (BA) + 0.10 mg/L a-Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA). Shoot regeneration frequency ranged 83.33-91.67% and 58.33-83.33% and 50.00-91.67 % respectively for of shoot tip, 1st and 2nd nodal meristem explant. Number of shoots per explant ranged 10.33-29.53, 16.25-26.89 and 12.42-24.66 for shoot tip, 1st and 2nd stem nodes respectively. Maximum number of 29.53 and 26.89 shoots per explant of shoot tip and 1st stem node were obtained from MS medium containing 0.10 mg/L BA+ 0.10 mg/L NAA. Whereas, maximum of (24.66) shoots per explant from 2nd stem node were scored on MS medium with 0.05 mg/L BA+0.10 mg/L NAA. Mean shoot length for shoot tip, 1st and 2nd stem node explants ranged 0.50-1.49 cm, 0.94-1.93 cm and 0.68-1.68 cm respectively. In vitro regenerated plants significantly affected the water quality of water samples. Water conductivity and hardness of dam water increased after 15 and 30 days. While water conductivity and hardness of tap water decreased after 15 and 30 days. Water conductivity of drinking water decreased after 15 and 30 days with no change in hardness. pH of all water samples increased after 15 and 30 days. Only drinking water had high Al, Fe and Cu concentrations and Al concentration decreased from 51.0 mu g/L to below 20 mu g/L, Fe concentration decreased from 372.0 mu g/L standard level of <50.0 mu g/L and Cu concentration in public water was very high (360 mu g/L) and decreased rapidly to below 0.02 mu g/L within 15 days (S2) after culture of in vitro grown plants. The study suggests the possible and efficient use of in vitro grown coontails plants for phytoremediation studies.Öğe AN EFFICIENT IN VITRO PLANTLET REGENERATION OF Ceratophyllum demersum L., AN IMPORTANT MEDICINAL AQUATIC PLANT(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2015) Dogan, Muhammet; Karatas, Mehmet; Aasim, MuhammadCeratophyllum demersum L. is an important medicinal plant and has been traditionally used in the treatment of many human illnesses. Also, it is one of the major aquatic plants used for removing heavy metals in water environments. The present study was designed for efficient in vitro propagation of C. dernersum using shoot tip, 1st and 2nd nodal meristem explants. The explants were cultured on liquid Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with different concentrations of thidiazuron (TDZ) (0.05-0.80 mg/L). Comparing the all explants, the 1st nodal explant cultured on MS medium containing 0.40 mg/L TDZ had the most number (138.44) of shoots per explant. In terms of shoot length, shoot tip explant cultured on MS medium containing 0.40 mg/L TDZ was recorded as the most effective explant (1.93 cm). Thereafter, the stem explants (approximate to 2.0 cm long) cut from regenerated shoots were cultured on liquid MS medium containing 0.10-0.80 mg/L GA(3) to investigate the effect of GA3 on shoot elongation. The highest shoot length (16.08 cm) was obtained from MS containing 0.80 mg/L GA(3). Rooting experiments were not done due to naturally rootless of C. demersum. Elongated plants were successfully acclimatized in aquariums (100%).Öğe IN VITRO SHOOT REGENERATION FROM SHOOT TIP AND NODAL SEGMENT EXPLANTS OF POGOSTEMON ERECTUS (DALZELL) KUNTZE, A MULTIPURPOSE ORNAMENTAL AQUATIC PLANT(Parlar Scientific Publications (P S P), 2016) Dogan, Muhammet; Karatas, Mehmet; Aasim, MuhammadPogostemon erectus (Dalzell) Kuntze (Lamiaceae) is an economically important aquatic plant and is widely used as aquarium vegetation due to an attractive appearance. This present study was designed for efficient in vitro multiple shoot regeneration and plant production of P.erectus through shoot tip and nodal segment explants. The explants were cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with 0.25-1.25 mg/L Kinetin (KIN) with or without 0.25 mg/L 1-Naphthaleneacetic acid (NAA). Maximum number of shoots per explant was obtained from shoot tip (22.61) and nodal segment (24.44) explants cultured on MS enriched with 1.00 mg/L KIN + 0.25 mg/L NAA. The highest shoot length was recorded from shoot tip (5.64 cm) and nodal segment (5.13 cm) explants cultured on MS medium containing 1.00 mg/L KIN or 1.25 mg/L KIN respectively. In vitro rooting of regenerated shoots were achieved on MS medium containing different concentrations of IAA (0.25-1.00 mg/L) during 4 weeks and these rooted plantlets were successfully acclimatized in aquarium. The improved protocol may help to the mass propagation of P. erectus and other aquatic plants for commercial purposes.
