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Öğe Antibiotic Susceptibility of Group A B-Hemolytic Streptococci Isolated From Tonsillar Swab Samples in 5-15 Years Old Children(Modestum Ltd, 2014) Dogan, Metin; Aydemir, Ozlem; Guner, Sukru Nail; Feyzioglu, Bahadir; Baykan, MahmutTonsillopharyngitis is a common infectious disease in the pediatric age group. Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus ( GAS) is a main infectious agent of pharyngitis. Optimal therapeutic approach in these patients has been a matter of debate to avoid the complications of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate of antibiotic susceptibility for group A B-hemolytic Streptococci which isolated from tonsillar swab samples of 5-15 years old children. 2599 outpatient children who are 5-15 years old and have general infection symptoms like high fever, weakness, chills-shivering and observed hyperemia at tonsils and pharynx were included in the study. Tonsillopharyngeal culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed. 319 ( 12,3%) GAS isolates was obtained from tonsillopharyngeal cultures of the 2599 patients. Susceptibility to penicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, cefotaxime, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 97,2%, 98,3%, and 94,7% respectively. Resistance to penicillin was not yet observed, penicillin may safely be chosen to treatment of these infections for non-allergic patients to penicillin. It is considered that culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing may be more useful to for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients.Öğe Antibiotic Susceptibility of Group A B-Hemolytic Streptococci Isolated From Tonsillar Swab Samples in 5-15 Years Old Children(Modestum Ltd, 2014) Dogan, Metin; Aydemir, Ozlem; Guner, Sukru Nail; Feyzioglu, Bahadir; Baykan, MahmutTonsillopharyngitis is a common infectious disease in the pediatric age group. Group A Beta Hemolytic Streptococcus ( GAS) is a main infectious agent of pharyngitis. Optimal therapeutic approach in these patients has been a matter of debate to avoid the complications of infection. The aim of this study was to investigate of antibiotic susceptibility for group A B-hemolytic Streptococci which isolated from tonsillar swab samples of 5-15 years old children. 2599 outpatient children who are 5-15 years old and have general infection symptoms like high fever, weakness, chills-shivering and observed hyperemia at tonsils and pharynx were included in the study. Tonsillopharyngeal culture and antimicrobial susceptibility tests were performed. 319 ( 12,3%) GAS isolates was obtained from tonsillopharyngeal cultures of the 2599 patients. Susceptibility to penicillin, vancomycin, linezolid, cefotaxime, erythromycin, chloramphenicol, and clindamycin were 100%, 100%, 100%, 100%, 97,2%, 98,3%, and 94,7% respectively. Resistance to penicillin was not yet observed, penicillin may safely be chosen to treatment of these infections for non-allergic patients to penicillin. It is considered that culture and antibiotic susceptibility testing may be more useful to for the diagnosis and treatment of these patients.Öğe Association between allergic diseases and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in childhood(Bilimsel Tip Yayinevi, 2015) Akyol, Sule Turan; Kilic, Mehtap; Guner, Sukru Nail; Karakurt, Melih Nuri; Akbas, Seher; Ozturk, Fadil; Sancak, RecepObjective: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a common childhood problem similar to allergic disorders. The aim of the study is to determine whether allergic disorders and atopy are associated with physician-diagnosed ADHD. Materials and Methods: This study was designed as a nested casecontrol study. One hundred sixty children were divided into three groups; 55 patients with ADHD, 55 children of healthy siblings of the study group and 50 unrelated healthy children. For each subject, an International Study of Asthma and Allergies in Children (ISAAC) questionnaire was completed. The total eosinophil count, total IgE levels were measured and skin prick tests were performed. Results: The prevalence of asthma was significantly higher in the ADHD group than the control group but was similar to the sibling group. Even though prevalence of rhinitis was significantly higher in ADHD group relative to the other groups, atopic rhinitis was similar in all groups. There were no significant differences for prevalence of eczema, elevated total IgE levels, eosinophil count and positive skin prick testing between any of the groups. Conclusion: The rhinitis seems to be a risk factor for ADHD while atopic status does not appear to be involved. Nasal obstruction and sleep disturbances due to rhinitis may affect the cognitive functions of individuals with ADHD. These individuals should be evaluated to determine whether or not (allergic) rhinitis accompanies ADHD.Öğe BRUTON DISEASE DIAGNOSED WITH CERVICAL ABSCESS IN EARLY INFANCY(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2014) Guner, Sukru Nail; Sayar, Esra Hazar; Ng, Yuk Yin; Reisli, Ismail[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Characteristics of venom allergic reactions in Turkish beekeepers and alternative treatment modalities(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Celiksoy, Mehmet Halil; Sancak, Recep; Sogut, Ayhan; Guner, Sukru Nail; Korkmaz, AliBackground: The objective of this work was to determine the characteristics of allergic reactions that may occur after a bee sting and alternative treatment methods in Turkish beekeepers. Methods: A written questionnaire was administered to beekeepers from the Ordu, Samsun, Sinop, Amasya, and Corum provinces located in the Central Black Sea Region of Turkey. Results: The study included 301 beekeepers, 295 (98%) of whom were male. Their mean age was 48.2 +/- 11.5 years. The mean beekeeping duration was 15.3 +/- 10.5 years. A total of 270 participants (89.9%) had a history of bee stings in the previous 12 months. Systemic reactions, large local reactions, and local reactions were seen in 21 (6.9%), 193 (64.1%), and 12 (4.0%) beekeepers, respectively. The face was the most frequently stung body site, and swelling generally occurred in the eyelids. The size of the swellings decreased within 12 to 24 hours in 259 (86.1%) beekeepers. The size of the swellings was 1 x 2 cm in diameter in 157 (52.2%) beekeepers. Natural protection against bee stings had developed by 12 months in 140 (46.5%) beekeepers. In total, 61.5% of the beekeepers applied alternative treatments (eg, garlic, onion water, yogurt), whereas 14.0% (3/21) were admitted to a hospital with a systemic reaction. In total, 10.6% and 14.2% of beekeepers were aware of adrenaline auto-injector and venom immunotherapy, respectively. Conclusion: This study indicates insufficient knowledge and attitudes among Turkish beekeepers regarding bee sting reactions. (C) 2014 ARS-AAOA, LLC.Öğe Efficacy of intravenous immunoglobulin treatment in immunocompromised children with H1N1 influenza: a clinical observation(Wiley-Blackwell, 2016) Gokturk, Bahar; Pekcan, Sevgi; Guner, Sukru Nail; Artac, Hasibe; Keles, Sevgi; Kirac, Mine; Reisli, IsmailBackground and AimsThe appropriate treatment of pandemic H1N1 influenza which was first identified in April 2009 in Mexico is insufficient especially for immunocompromised patients. We aimed to evaluate the features and prognostic factors of the children with H1N1, especially immunocompromised ones, and whether intravenous immunoglobulin G (IVIG) replacement could aid for a better outcome. MethodsTwenty-one hospitalized children with laboratory-confirmed H1N1 were evaluated retrospectively. Data were extracted from files and electronic medical records. ResultsThe median age was 37 (1-216) months; 62% of them were under 5years of age and 71.4% had one or more underlying disorders. Main symptoms were high fever, cough, fatigue and vomiting. Lower respiratory tract manifestations were seen in 66.6% of children. Mortality rate was 4.7%. The patient who died had the lowest lymphocyte (100/mm(3)), thrombocyte (21000/mm(3)) and highest blood urea nitrogen (87mg/dL) levels. Fifty-eight percent of evaluated patients had one of the primary immunodeficiency disorders. Surprisingly, none of the six patients with primary immunodeficiency who are on regular IVIG replacement needed intensive care unit and died. Although median durations of cough, fever and hospitalization were lower, they did not change statistically according to get IVIG replacement regularly (P=0.47, 0.97, 0.09, respectively). ConclusionOur study is important while it is the first one that shows the course of primary immunodeficient children with H1N1 infection who were on regular IVIG replacement. A trial of high-dose IVIG may be a useful adjunctive therapy in severe H1N1 influenza, particularly in the immunocompromised patients.Öğe Evaluation of immunological abnormalities in patients with rare syndromes(Termedia Publishing House Ltd, 2022) Gul, Yahya; Kapakli, Hasan; Aytekin, Selma Erol; Guner, Sukru Nail; Keles, Sevgi; Zamani, Ayse Gul; Yildirim, Mahmut SelmanIntroduction: Recurrent infections are important problems in syndromic patients. This study aimed to evaluate immunological abnormalities in patients who presented with recurrent infections and were diagnosed with rare syndromes. Material and methods: This retrospective analysis included 14 patients with complaints of recurrent infections, all of whom were diagnosed with a rare syndrome. Results: The study group consisted of patients with Aicardi syndrome, Brugada syndrome, Phelan-McDermid syndrome, trichothiodystrophy, LEOPARD syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, Seckel syndrome, trisomy 18 (Edwards' syndrome), Wiedemann-Steiner syndrome, West syndrome, Williams syndrome, 47,XYY syndrome, 16p13 deletion syndrome, and 13q1.3 deletion syndrome. Seven patients (50%) were girls and seven (50%) were boys (mean age, 56.7 +/- 32.9 months; median [range] age: 45.5 [27-153] months). There were high rates of consanguinity (50%), cesarean section delivery (71%), and hospitalization in the intensive care unit (78.5%). No patients had a family history of immunodeficiency. On admission, all patients exhibited humoral and/or cellular immune system abnormalities. During the follow-up period, all T-cell abnormalities were improved after immunoglobulin replacement therapy (IGRT), while B-cell abnormalities persisted. These findings suggested that the patients predominantly had antibody deficiencies associated with mild T- cell abnormalities because of recurrent infections. The rates of infections and hospitalizations were significantly reduced after IGRT (p < 0.001); the rate of intensive care unit admission also significantly decreased (from 78.5% to 21.4%). Two of the three oxygen-dependent patients exhibited improvement therein. IGRT was discontinued in two patients with significant clinical improvement during follow-up. Conclusions: An immunological evaluation should be considered in pediatric patients with rare syndromes and recurrent infections. IGRT may help to improve the prognoses of these patients.Öğe Evaluation of the 10 Warning Signs in Primary and Secondary Immunodeficient Patients(Frontiers Media Sa, 2022) Eldeniz, Fadime Ceyda; Gul, Yahya; Yorulmaz, Alaaddin; Guner, Sukru Nail; Keles, Sevgi; Reisli, IsmailObjectivesTen warning signs of primary immunodeficiency (PID) were suggested by the Jeffrey Modell Foundation (JMF), to increase physician awareness of PID. These warning signs have not yet been evaluated for patients with secondary immunodeficiency (SID). This study investigated whether the 10 warning signs used for the diagnosis of PID were also sufficient for the diagnosis of SID, and explored the possibility of additional signs. MethodsThis prospective study was conducted between June and December 2020. The mothers of 162 patients with PID and SID, and mothers of 200 healthy children, were asked to complete a questionnaire about family and personal history in addition to the warning signs of PID developed by the JMF. A JMF score was created by giving one point for each Yes answer for the 10 warning signs of PID. Medical records of the patients were evaluated for possible additional warning signs for PID and SID. ResultsThe JMF scores of the PID (3.36 +/- 1.65) and SID (3.72 +/- 1.12) groups were significantly higher than the scores of the control group (0.34 +/- 0.61) (p < 0.05). A sign for immunological evaluation in two patients without warning signs in the PID group was found to be chronic diarrhea. In addition to the 10 JMF warning signs, we found that consanguinity and a family history of tuberculosis were statistically significant in our PID group, compared with the SID and control groups. ConclusionsThe JMF warning signs are important for early diagnosis of PID. Our study showed that these signs may also be used for the early diagnosis of SID in patients and, according to our results, in addition to the 10 JMF signs for PID, parental consanguinity, chronic diarrhea, and a family history of tuberculosis may also be considered warning signs for the early diagnosis of PID.Öğe Glucocorticoid Receptor-? Is Downregulated by Vitamin D Treatment in Children with Low Vitamin D Levels but Not in Allergic Asthma(Mary Ann Liebert, Inc, 2015) Guner, Sukru Nail; Sancak, Recep; Gulten, Sedat; Ozen, Ahmet; Kilic, Mehtap; Bedir, AbdulkerimBackground: Vitamin D (VitD) enhances the anti-inflammatory effects of glucocorticoids (GC) in vitro. It was hypothesized that VitD3 (colecalciferol) treatment could have an impact on the expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) in a group of children with low VitD levels, with or without asthma. Methods: Asthmatic children and healthy controls, all with low serum VitD levels (25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level <30 ng/mL) were recruited. VitD3 treatment at a dose of 300,000 IU was given orally. Blood samples were obtained at admission and 1 month after the treatment to examine serum 25(OH)D levels and the relative gene expression (RGE) of GR-alpha and -beta in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Results: Twenty-four children with asthma (M-age 11.1 +/- 2.1 years) and 14 healthy controls (M-age 11.5 +/- 1.7 years) were studied. The expression of GR-beta was significantly higher in the control group at baseline compared with those with asthma (p = 0.006). With VitD3 treatment, there was a decrease in GR beta expression at 1 month in the control group (p = 0.05), but not in the asthma group. When analyzing the change in the relative expression of GR beta (change in 1st month to baseline), the decrease in GR beta was significantly higher in the control group compared with the asthma group (p = 0.002). A negative correlation was detected between the change in the asthma control test score (ACT) and the change in 25(OH)D values (r = -0.51, p = 0.01). Conclusion: VitD3 supplementation led to a decrease in the expression of GR beta in control subjects with low baseline VitD levels, whereas no such change was observed in asthmatic children. Meanwhile, better asthma control was achieved by VitD3 treatment, possibly through mechanisms not related to GR expression.Öğe How effective are the 6 European Society of Immunodeficiency warning signs for primary immunodeficiency disease?(Elsevier Science Inc, 2016) Arslan, Sevket; Ucar, Ramazan; Caliskaner, Ahmet Zafer; Reisli, Ismail; Guner, Sukru Nail; Sayar, Esra Hazar; Baloglu, IsmailBackground: The European Society of Immunodeficiency (ESID) developed 6 warning signs to promote the awareness of adult primary immunodeficiency disease (PID). Objective: To screen adult patients for the presence of PID using these 6 warning signs to determine the effectiveness of this protocol. Methods: Questions related to the ESID warning signs for adult PID were added to the standard outpatient clinic file system and asked of 3,510 patients who were admitted to our clinic for any reason. Patients with signs and/or suspicion of PID based on their medical history underwent immunologic investigation. Results: In total, 24 patients were diagnosed as having a PID. The most common reason that patients with PID were admitted was frequent infection (n = 18 [75%]), and the most common PID subgroup was common variable immunodeficiency (n = 12 [50%]). Twenty patients with PID had at least one positive finding according to the ESID warning signs. Two patients with gastrointestinal concerns and 2 with dermatologic symptoms were also diagnosed as having a PID, although they did not have any of the ESID warning signs. Conclusion: The ESID warning signs do not specify the need for symptoms to diagnose a PIDs and do not include a comprehensive list of all signs and symptoms of PIDs. As a result, more than infection-centric questions are needed to identify adult patients with immunodeficiencies. (C) 2016 American College of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Intrauterine detection of DCLRE1C (Artemis) mutation by restriction fragment length polymorphism(Wiley, 2019) Karaselek, Mehmet Ali; Kapakli, Hasan; Keles, Sevgi; Guner, Sukru Nail; Celik, Seyma Celikbilek; Kurar, Ercan; Reisli, Ismail[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Is vitamin D insufficiency to blame for recurrent wheezing?(Wiley-Blackwell, 2014) Demirel, Soner; Guner, Sukru Nail; Celiksoy, Mehmet Halil; Sancak, RecepBackgroundVitamin D (VitD) and its metabolites play important roles in the regulation of the respiratory and immune systems. The aim of this study was to examine serum 25(OH) vitamin D [25(OH)D] levels and VitD deficiency on the development of wheezing and clinical features. MethodsThis study was a prospective cross-sectional survey that included a total of 70 infants being followed in the Pediatric Immunology and Allergy Unit at Ondokuz Mayis University. Forty of these infants (patient group), ranging in age from 1 to 3 years, had been diagnosed as wheezy infants; 30 were age-and-gender matched healthy infants (control group). Prior to the study, blood samples were taken from both groups to determine their serum VitD, blood eosinophil, and serum immunoglobulin E (IgE) levels. ResultsThe duration of breastfeeding was similar for both groups. The serum 25(OH)D levels of the patient group were significantly lower than those of the control group. Although there was a negative relationship between 25(OH)D level and IgE((log10)) values for the wheezy infants with VitD deficiency, the control group had a negative relationship between VitD level and IgE((log10)). ConclusionSerum 25(OH)D levels must be evaluated when following wheezy infants, and those with deficiency must be treated with VitD.Öğe Long-Term Experience of Subcutaneous Immunoglobulin Therapy in Pediatric Primary Immunodeficient Patients with Low and Normal Body Weight(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2022) Gul, Yahya; Kapakli, Hasan; Guner, Sukru Nail; Alan, Havva Bozkurt; Hazar, Esra; Keles, Sevgi; Reisli, IsmailPurpose The aim was to review the compliance, side effects and effectiveness of subcutaneous immunoglobulin (SCIG) supplementation in patients with primary immunodeficiencies (PID) who had previously received intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) therapy and subsequently switched to SCIG, as well as to compare these parameters in patients while considering body weight. Methods Demographic data, clinical and laboratory findings, SCIG dose, and side effects of 87 patients were retrospectively obtained from patient files. In patients who first received IVIG and then SCIG, the monthly SCIG dose was calculated by multiplying the IVIG dose by 1.37. The total monthly SCIG dose was distributed via injection across three or four doses per month, thus every 7 or 10 days. Results Of the 87 patients aged between one and 22 years, 50 were male (57.5%) and 37 were female (42.5%). The serum IgG levels of the SCIG group were higher and more stable than those of the IVIG group. The number of hospitalizations and infections decreased significantly after initiation of SCIG. Thirteen patients (14.9%) had low body weight (LBW) for their age, seven of whom were male (53.8%). Serum IgG levels of the LBW cohort were significantly elevated and more stable during the SCIG period than the IVIG period. Mild, local side effects were detected in 153 administrations (3.3%) in 30 patients with normal body weight, while no local reactions were recorded in the patients with LBW. Conclusion SCIG supplementation is an effective treatment for pediatric patients with PID. The preliminary data from the present study suggest that such treatment is also safe for LBW children. The numbers of patient hospitalizations and family visits to clinics were reduced, allowing our patients and their parents to live more normal lives.Öğe Ocular Findings in Children With 22q11.2 Deletion Syndrome(Slack Inc, 2016) Gokturk, Bahar; Topcu-Yilmaz, Pinar; Bozkurt, Banu; Yildirim, Mahmut Selman; Guner, Sukru Nail; Sayar, Esra Hazar; Reisli, IsmailPurpose: To identify the ocular features of children diagnosed as having 22q11.2 deletion syndrome in a Turkish population, which is the most common microdeletion syndrome with a wide range of facial and ocular abnormalities. Methods: Sixteen children aged between 4 months and 18 years with a microdeletion in chromosome 22q11.2 underwent a detailed ophthalmological examination including uncorrected and best corrected visual acuity testing, stereoscopic vision examination, biomicroscopic and indirect fundus examination, and ocular motility testing. Results: All patients had at least one ocular abnormality. The major abnormalities were eyelid abnormalities (eye hooding, narrow palpebral fissure, telecanthus, hypertelorism, sparse and thin eyebrows and eyelashes, blepharitis, and distichiasis), posterior embryotoxon, and tortuous retinal vessels in at least half of the patients. Other ophthalmological disorders were refractive errors, iris remnants, and strabismus. Conclusions: The chromosome 22q11.2 deletion syndrome is associated with a wide range of ocular disorders, which necessitates a comprehensive eye examination for appropriate treatment and follow-up. Ocular findings sometimes can provide a clue to the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion.Öğe Students' unchanging smoking habits in urban and rural areas in the last 15years(Wiley, 2016) Akca, Gulfer; Guner, Sukru Nail; Akca, Unal; Kilic, Mehtap; Sancak, Recep; Ozturk, FadilBackgroundSmoking is the main preventable public health problem particularly for youth worldwide. The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence of smoking habits among students at secondary and high schools, and to compare the findings with those of a study conducted 15years ago in the same area. MethodsIn this cross-sectional study 6212 students (51.2% female; 48.8% male) were selected randomly from rural and urban areas in Samsun. All students completed a face-to-face questionnaire. ResultsThe overall prevalence of smoking was 13.0% (male students, 18.1%; female students, 8.2%). The mean starting age of smoking was 14.1 1.5years. Prevalence of smoking was 15.7% in urban areas and 8.1% in rural areas. The most important factors for starting smoking were social group and families. Compared with a study conducted 15years previously in the same area for male students, smoking prevalence was increased in rural, but decreased in urban areas. ConclusionsSmoking prevalence in students in Samsun was similar to that in a study conducted 15years previously. It is important to use anti-smoking campaigns directly targeted at teenager and they should be fully informed of the harmful effects of smoking.Öğe Type I IFN-related NETosis in ataxia telangiectasia and Artemis deficiency(Mosby-Elsevier, 2018) Gul, Ersin; Sayar, Esra Hazar; Gungor, Bilgi; Eroglu, Fehime Kara; Surucu, Naz; Keles, Sevgi; Guner, Sukru NailBackground: Pathological inflammatory syndromes of unknown etiology are commonly observed in ataxia telangiectasia (AT) and Artemis deficiency. Similar inflammatory manifestations also exist in patients with STING-associated vasculopathy in infancy (SAVI). Objective: We sought to test the hypothesis that the inflammation-associated manifestations observed in patients with AT and Artemis deficiency stem from increased type I IFN signature leading to neutrophil-mediated pathological damage. Methods: Cytokine/protein signatures were determined by ELISA, cytometric bead array, or quantitative PCR. Stat1 phosphorylation levels were determined by flow cytometry. DNA species accumulating in the cytosol of patients' cells were quantified microscopically and flow cytometrically. Propensity of isolated polymorhonuclear granulocytes to form neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) was determined using fluorescence microscopy and picogreen assay. Neutrophil reactive oxygen species levels and mitochondrial stress were assayed using fluorogenic probes, microscopy, and flow cytometry. Results: Type I and III IFNsignatures were elevated in plasma and peripheral blood cells of patients with AT, Artemis deficiency, and SAVI. Chronic IFN production stemmed fromthe accumulation of DNA in the cytoplasm of ATand Artemis-deficient cells. Neutrophils isolated from patients spontaneously produced NETs and displayed indicators of oxidative and mitochondrial stress, supportive of theirNETotic tendencies. Asimilar phenomenonwas also observed in neutrophils from healthy controls exposed to patient plasma samples or exogeneous IFN-alpha. Conclusions: Type I IFN-mediated neutrophil activation and NET formation may contribute to inflammatory manifestations observed in patients with AT, Artemis deficiency, and SAVI. Thus, neutrophils represent a promising target to manage inflammatory syndromes in diseases with active type I IFN signature.Öğe Unraveling the impact of primary immunodeficiency disorders on the microbiota of dental caries in children through 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis(Tubitak Scientific & Technological Research Council Turkey, 2023) Al-Kebsi, Bushra Lutf Ahmed; Kars, Gokhan; Ozer, Hazal; Guner, Sukru NailBackground/aim: Dental caries is a frequently occurring and multifactorial chronic disease in children resulting from the interaction of cariogenic bacteria and host susceptibility. The aim of this study was to elucidate the impacts of primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) on microbiota of dental caries in children by 16S rRNA gene-based metagenomic analysis.Materials and methods: Enrolled in this study were 15 children with primary PID with caries (PID group) and 15 healthy children with caries as a control (CG). The DMFT index, saliva flow rate, and buffering capacity of each participant were assessed before the metagenomic analyses were conducted. For taxonomic profiling, the reads were obtained by high-throughput sequencing of the V3-V4 hypervariable region of 16S rRNA.Results: The DMFT score, saliva flow rate, and buffering capacity of the groups were similar. The flow rate and buffering capacity had no correlation with the number of species with 95% confidence. The metagenomic analysis resulted in the identification of 2440 bacterial species in all of the samples. Among the 50 most prevalent species present at >= 1% relative abundance, Prevotella melaninogenica and Prevotella salivae were differentially more abundant in the PID group. The PID group and CG showed similar species richness and evenness, but 4 of the 5 samples with the highest Shannon-Weiner and Inverse Simpson indices belonged to the PID group. The Spearman test results for correlation of the species in the PID subgroups showed that Prevotella oris had a positively correlated relationship with both Scardovia wiggsiae and Saccharibacteria genera incertae sedis.Conclusion: This study provided insight into the caries microbiota of children with immunodeficiency diseases. Differentially abundant species, novel bacterial associations, and unique bacterial species were disclosed in the PID samples, indicating the role of the immune system in altering the caries microbiota. The prominent bacterial species and associations in the PID group should be suspected in regard to their link with present or future diseases.Öğe THE VALUE OF MEAN PLATELET VOLUME/PLATELET COUNT RATIO TO PREDICT 22q11.2 DELETION SYNDROME(Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2014) Gokturk, Bahar; Guner, Sukru Nail; Kara, Reyhan; Kirac, Mine; Keles, Sevgi; Artac, Hasibe; Reisli, Ismail[Abstract Not Availabe]Öğe Would mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio be used as a novel formula to predict 22q11.2 deletion syndrome?(Allergy Immunol Soc Thailand, 2016) Gokturk, Bahar; Guner, Sukru Nail; Kara, Reyhan; Kirac, Mine; Keles, Sevgi; Artac, Hasibe; Zamani, Ayse GulBackground: The diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome depends on a time-consuming and expensive method, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Objectives: We aimed to determine new parameters which can aid for in the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Methods: Twenty two patients with 22q11.2 or 10p13 deletion were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Facial-dysmorphism and mental-motor retardation were detected in 100% of patients. Mean platelet (PLT) counts were lower (224,980 versus 354,000, p = 0.001), mean PLT volume (MPV) (9.95 versus 7.07, p = 0.002), and MPV/PLTx10(5) ratios (5.36 versus 2.08, p < 0.001) were higher in patients with 22q11.2 deletion compared with the control group. Area under the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.864, sensitivity was 84.6%, specificity was 90.9%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 91.7%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 83.3% when MPV was 8.6. Area under ROC curve was 0.864, sensitivity was 76.9%, specificity was 90.1%, PPV was 90.1%, and NPV was 76.3% when PLT was 265,500. Area under ROC curve was 0.906, sensitivity was 84.6%, specificity was 100%, PPV was 100%, and NPV was 84.6% when MPV/PLTx10(5) was 3.3. Expression of PLT surface markers which were not in the GPIb-V-IX receptor complex (CD61, CD41a) increased as the surface area increased, but markers which were in a complex (CD42a, CD42b) did not change. Conclusions: High MPV/PLT value can be a good predictor for the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. We suggest that in patients with facial dysmorphism and retardation in neurodevelopmental milestones and if MPV >= 8.6fl, MPV/PLTx10(5) ratio >= 3.3 and PLT count <= 265,500/mm(3), the patients should be tested by FISH analysis to confirm the 22q11.2 deletion. If there are no macrothrombocytes, the 10p13 deletion should be tested in suspected cases.Öğe Would mean platelet volume/platelet count ratio be used as a novel formula to predict 22q11.2 deletion syndrome?(Allergy Immunol Soc Thailand, 2016) Gokturk, Bahar; Guner, Sukru Nail; Kara, Reyhan; Kirac, Mine; Keles, Sevgi; Artac, Hasibe; Zamani, Ayse GulBackground: The diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome depends on a time-consuming and expensive method, fluorescence in situ hybridisation (FISH). Objectives: We aimed to determine new parameters which can aid for in the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. Methods: Twenty two patients with 22q11.2 or 10p13 deletion were evaluated retrospectively. Results: Facial-dysmorphism and mental-motor retardation were detected in 100% of patients. Mean platelet (PLT) counts were lower (224,980 versus 354,000, p = 0.001), mean PLT volume (MPV) (9.95 versus 7.07, p = 0.002), and MPV/PLTx10(5) ratios (5.36 versus 2.08, p < 0.001) were higher in patients with 22q11.2 deletion compared with the control group. Area under the receiver-operator characteristic (ROC) curve was 0.864, sensitivity was 84.6%, specificity was 90.9%, positive predictive value (PPV) was 91.7%, and negative predictive value (NPV) was 83.3% when MPV was 8.6. Area under ROC curve was 0.864, sensitivity was 76.9%, specificity was 90.1%, PPV was 90.1%, and NPV was 76.3% when PLT was 265,500. Area under ROC curve was 0.906, sensitivity was 84.6%, specificity was 100%, PPV was 100%, and NPV was 84.6% when MPV/PLTx10(5) was 3.3. Expression of PLT surface markers which were not in the GPIb-V-IX receptor complex (CD61, CD41a) increased as the surface area increased, but markers which were in a complex (CD42a, CD42b) did not change. Conclusions: High MPV/PLT value can be a good predictor for the diagnosis of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. We suggest that in patients with facial dysmorphism and retardation in neurodevelopmental milestones and if MPV >= 8.6fl, MPV/PLTx10(5) ratio >= 3.3 and PLT count <= 265,500/mm(3), the patients should be tested by FISH analysis to confirm the 22q11.2 deletion. If there are no macrothrombocytes, the 10p13 deletion should be tested in suspected cases.
