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Öğe An effective method based on simulated annealing for automatic generation control of power systems(Elsevier, 2022) Tabak, Abdulsamed; Ilhan, IlhanIn this study, a novel hybrid Simulated Annealing-Genetic Algorithm (hSA-GA) is proposed. In the hSA-GA, population-based SA is used and each solution in the population is improved using the local search operator. The information exchange between the improved solutions is provided by the crossover operator. A new selection operator is used to ensure the balance between intensification and diversification. The hSA-GA is tested first on nine benchmark functions. Then it is used for tuning proportional-integral-derivative (PID) parameters for automatic generation control (AGC) of multi-area interconnected power systems. Firstly, PID parameters are determined with hSA-GA on a two-area interconnected non-reheating thermal system (System-1) in two different generator time constants. Secondly, to demonstrate the effect of supplementary control in AGC systems, the system is simulated with hSA-GA tuned PID controller and without controller. Additionally, the performance of the proposed hSA-GA is observed on AGC system of two area thermal power system with governor dead-band (GDB) nonlinearity (System-2). Transient responses of delta f(1), delta f(2) and delta P-tie obtained for both System-1 and System-2 are compared with studies on the same systems in the literature and it is seen that hSA-GA exhibits better control performance on power systems than compared studies. The proposed algorithm shows the best performance in System-1 (when T-g = 0.08). Accordingly, settling times of delta f(1), delta f(2) and delta P-tie are reduced to 2.33 s, 3.783 s and 3.11 s, respectively. Finally, the non-linear two area thermal power system is tested with a load varying between +/- 50% for 180 s to validation of proposed algorithm and results are compared relevant studies. (C) 2022 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Fractional order frequency proportional-integral-derivative control of microgrid consisting of renewable energy sources based on multi-objective grasshopper optimization algorithm(Sage Publications Ltd, 2022) Tabak, AbdulsamedIn recent years, fractional order proportional-integral-derivative (FOPID) controllers have been applied in different areas in the academy due to their superior performance over conventional proportional-integral-derivative (PID) controllers. When the literature is reviewed, it has been observed that lack of studies that use swarm-based and multi-objective optimization algorithms together with FOPID controllers in frequency control of micro-grid. The load frequency control (LFC) problem is considered as two objectives in order to eliminate the complications that occur when only the frequency deviation is minimized. In our study, a method called MOGOA-FOPID in which both the frequency deviation and the control signal are minimized together for the frequency control in the microgrid is proposed. By using the multi-objective grasshopper optimization algorithm (MOGOA), both the frequency deviation and the control signal are minimized together, and thus, it is aimed to limit the battery capacity, reduce the flywheel jerk and avoid high diesel fuel consumption as well as an effective frequency control. In order to obtain a more realistic system, not only the photovoltaic (PV) solar and wind power but also the load demand is taken in a stochastic structure. Then, the results of the proposed MOGOA-FOPID are compared with the results of multi-objective genetic algorithm (MOGA)-based PID/FOPID and MOGOA-PID and its superiority is demonstrated. Finally, robustness tests of the system are performed under the perturbed parameters and outperform of MOGOA-FOPID over other methods is seen.Öğe Grey wolf optimization for optimum sizing and controlling of a PV/WT/BM hybrid energy system considering TNPC, LPSP, and LCOE concepts(Taylor & Francis Inc, 2022) Tabak, Abdulsamed; Kayabasi, Erhan; Guneser, Muhammet Tahir; Ozkaymak, MehmetIn this study, energy demand of a faculty was aimed to supply with a hybrid energy system (HES) consisting of photovoltaic (PV) panels, wind turbine (WT) and bomass (BM) system with optimum power usage distribution and sized to reach a lowest cost and a reliable system. In this optimization, total net present cost (TNPC) for economic analysis, loss of power supply probability (LPSP) for reliability, and localized cost of energy (LCOE) for determining the unit energy cost were considered and an effective control algorithm was developed to decide the power source for improving system reliability. We used genetic algorithm (GA) and simulated annealing (SA), which are commonly used in the literature. On the other hand, we utilized the Grey Wolf Optimizer (GWO), which was recently found out and inspired by the hierarchy and hunting instincts of grey wolves. The results of GWO algorithm were also compared with GA and SA and confirmed that GWO is satisfying. GWO achieved better results to solve problems by setting LPSP to both 0.02 and 0.01 upper limits. When LPSP set to 0.02 maximum point, GWO suggested PV system at 86.39 kW power and BG at 50 kW power. Consequently, the energy requirement of a faculty was supplied by an optimized and designed PV/WT/BM HES. In addition, by the installation of optimized system, 144.29 tons of CO2 emissions per year will be reduced.Öğe Levy Flight and Fitness Distance Balance-Based Coyote Optimization Algorithm for Effective Automatic Generation Control of PV-Based Multi-Area Power Systems(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Tabak, Abdulsamed; Duman, SerhatIn this paper, Levy flight and Fitness Distance Balance (FDB)-based coyote optimization algorithm (LRFDBCOA) is proposed to improve the performance of automatic generation control (AGC) of three different PV-based interconnected power systems. First, the achievement of the proposed algorithm is evaluated on the two-area PV-reheat thermal power system with PI controller, which is widely used in the literature, and the results are compared with the results obtained using genetic algorithm (GA), firefly algorithm (FA), and modified whale optimization algorithm (M-WOA) introduced in previous studies. Then, the control performance of the proposed algorithm is demonstrated on the newly constructed two-area PV-non-reheat thermal power system with governor dead band (GDB) and two-area PV-multi-source power system with electrolyser and fuel cell. As the costs of solar energy systems decrease, the microgrids containing these resources increase. Therefore, such a study will make an important contribution to the literature. For the AGC of these two systems, proportional-integral-derivative (PID), tilt-integral-derivative (TID) and fractional order PID (FOPID) controllers are used. Thus, both the performance of the proposed algorithm on AGC and the compatibility of the two newly tested systems with PID, TID and FOPID controllers are revealed. As a result, the proposed LRFDBCOA algorithm outperforms algorithms such as GA, FA, M-WOA and arithmetic optimization algorithm (AOA) in interconnected two-area power systems controlled by PID, TID and FOPID, and it shows superior control performance in terms of settling time, maximum/minimum peak value of Delta f(1), Delta f(2) and Delta P-tie under varying load conditions and perturbed system parameters.Öğe Maiden application of fractional order PID plus second order derivative controller in automatic voltage regulator(Wiley-Hindawi, 2021) Tabak, AbdulsamedThis paper proposes a maiden application of the fractional-order proportional-integral-derivative plus the second-order derivative controller called FOPIDD2 (PI lambda D mu D2) to achieve better transient response at a terminal voltage of automatic voltage regulator (AVR). Multi-verse optimizer (MVO) algorithm is used for tuning six optimization parameters of controller. MVO is a powerful optimization algorithm with great convergence speed and strong search mechanisms for an expanded number of decisions. The proposed FOPIDD2 controller is compared with proportional-integral-derivative (PID), PID plus second-order derivative (PIDD2), fractional order PID (FOPID) and filtered FOPID controllers obtained using different algorithms in both time domain and frequency domain. According to the results, FOPIDD2 controller shows superior performance than compared studies in terms of transient response of terminal voltage of AVR. Additionally, frequency domain analysis shows that FOPIDD2 controller presents satisfactory results. Finally, the system is subjected to a robustness test with changes in time constants and gain constants values. AVR system with FOPIDD2 controller performs better in perturbed system parameters than compared controllers.Öğe Maiden application of TID?1ND?2 controller for effective load frequency control of non-linear two-area power system(Inst Engineering Technology-Iet, 2023) Tabak, Abdulsamed; Duman, SerhatIn the paper, the maiden application of Tilted Integral Fractional Derivative with Filter plus Fractional Derivative controller ((TIDND mu 2)-N-mu 1), called TIFDNFD controller, is proposed to achieve load frequency control (LFC) of two area-multi source power system. In the study, both areas include thermal power, hydropower, and gas turbine power systems. In this study, generation rate constraint and governor dead-band are integrated into the power system to evaluate the performance of the controller in a non-linear environment. The wild horse optimizer (WHO) is used for controller parameter tuning in the LFC problem for the first time. The performance of the proposed controller is demonstrated by comparing it with the recently published studies including different controllers. In this study, to obtain more realistic results, solar photovoltaic (PV) power, wind power, and load demand with stochastic form have been added to the power system. In addition, the dynamic effect of the hydrogen storage system, consisting of an electrolyser and a fuel cell, is considered a grid supporter. The superiority of the WHO algorithm in optimization has been verified by comparing it with three optimization algorithms recently proposed. Finally, the resilience and robustness of the power system are evaluated in perturbed system parameters.Öğe Mapping of biogas potential of animal and agricultural wastes in Turkey(Springer Heidelberg, 2022) Aksay, Mehmet Volkan; Tabak, AbdulsamedThis paper presents the biogas potential of animal manure and agricultural waste in Turkey. In the study, results such as the amount of animal manure and agricultural wastes, biogas potential, and electricity generation from biogas are mapped for 12 regions and 81 cities. Additionally, the rate of meeting the electricity demands of cities is found if the biogas potential is converted into electrical energy. Besides, the costs of biogas plant installations for the cities with the highest biogas potential in each region are calculated according to the highest investment conditions. Later, as a result of using biogas for electrical energy, the reduced CO2 emissions are calculated. According to the results, Turkey's total collectible manure, total collectible agricultural waste, and biogas potential are more than 176 million tons, 17 million tons, and 17 billion m(3) per year, respectively. Turkey's electricity generation potential and total CO2 emission reduction are more than 38 GWh and 174 million tons per year, respectively. The lowest payback period on investment is determined in the selected city of the Mediterranean region with 5.14 years, while the highest is in the Northeastern Anatolia region with 7.55 years. The results obtained will guide the priority given to the region and type of waste in biogas plant installation. Moreover, it will enable comparison with the investment costs of other renewable energy sources.Öğe A novel fractional order PID plus derivative (PI?D?D?2) controller for AVR system using equilibrium optimizer(Emerald Group Publishing Ltd, 2021) Tabak, AbdulsamedPurpose The purpose of this paper is to improve transient response and dynamic performance of automatic voltage regulator (AVR). Design/methodology/approach This paper proposes a novel fractional order proportional-integral-derivative plus derivative ((PIDD mu 2)-D-lambda-D-mu) controller called FOPIDD for AVR system. The FOPIDD controller has seven optimization parameters and the equilibrium optimizer algorithm is used for tuning of controller parameters. The utilized objective function is widely preferred in AVR systems and consists of transient response characteristics. Findings In this study, results of AVR system controlled by FOPIDD is compared with results of proportional-integral-derivative (PID), proportional-integral-derivative acceleration, PID plus second order derivative and fractional order PID controllers. FOPIDD outperforms compared controllers in terms of transient response criteria such as settling time, rise time and overshoot. Then, the frequency domain analysis is performed for the AVR system with FOPIDD controller, and the results are found satisfactory. In addition, robustness test is realized for evaluating performance of FOPIDD controller in perturbed system parameters. In robustness test, FOPIDD controller shows superior control performance. Originality/value The FOPIDD controller is introduced for the first time to improve the control performance of the AVR system. The proposed FOPIDD controller has shown superior performance on AVR systems because of having seven optimization parameters and being fractional order based.Öğe Novel TI?DND2N2 Controller Application with Equilibrium Optimizer for Automatic Voltage Regulator(Mdpi, 2023) Tabak, AbdulsamedSustainability is important in voltage regulation control in grids and must be done successfully. In this paper, a novel tilt-fractional order integral-derivative with a second order derivative and low-pass filters controller, referred to as (TIDNDN2)-D-& lambda;-N-2 controller, is proposed to enhance the control performance of an automatic voltage regulator (AVR). In this article, the equilibrium optimizer (EO) algorithm is used to optimally determine the eight parameters of the proposed controller. In this study, a function consisting of time domain specifications is used as the objective function. To evaluate the performance of the proposed controller, it is compared with the proportional-integral-derivative (PID), fractional order PID (FOPID), PID accelerator (PIDA), PID plus second order derivative (PIDD2), and hybrid controllers used in previous studies. Then, Bode analysis is performed to determine the achievement of the proposed controller in the frequency domain. Finally, the robustness test is realized to assess the response of the proposed controller against the deterioration of the system parameters. As a result, the proposed controller demonstrates outstanding control performance compared to studies in terms of settling time, rise time and overshoot. The proposed controller shows superior performance not only in frequency domain analysis but also in perturbed system parameters.
