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    Association Between Fasting Plasma Glucose and Routine Coagulation Tests
    (2013) Kural, Alev; Seval, Hatice; Toker, Aysun; Turkal, Rana; Koldaş, Macit
    Objective: The main goal of this study was to determine relationship between activated partial thromboplastin time (APTT), prothrombin time (PT), fibrinogen levels and fasting plasma glucose levels (FPG). Methods: In 5602 patients APTT, PT, fibrinogen and FPG levels were measured by routine methods. Patients were divided into three groups according to their FPG levels (euglycemic, impaired fasting glucose group (IFG) and diabetic group). Results: We found significantly shorter APTT values and increased fibrinogen levels in both diabetic group and IFG group when compared with the euglycemic group. Conclusion: Shortened APTT and increased fibrinogen levels in both diabetic group and IFG group could be a useful marker for evaluation of hemostatic state.
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    Can YKL-40 be an Inflammatory Biomarker in Vitamin D Deficiency?
    (Verlag Hans Huber, 2019) Can, Ummugulsum; Uysal, Saliha; Ugur, Ayse Ruveyda; Toker, Aysun; Aslan, Uysaler; Hidayetoglu, Bahauddin Taha
    Vitamin D deficiency is associated with several non-homeostatic conditions and/or diseases like inflammation, atherosclerosis, cardiovascular disease and mortality. YKL-40 is a glycoprotein, secreted by macrophages, neutrophils and different cell types and it is also associated with inflammation and pathological tissue remodeling. In this study, we aimed to evaluate relationship between the proinflammatory biomarkers YKL-40 and hs-CRP levels and vitamin D deficiency. Our study group includes 45 subjects with vitamin D deficiency (Group 1) (20 M, 25 F; mean age 37.72 +/- 7.70 years) and 40 age and sex-matched healthy subjects with normal serum levels of vitamin D (Group 2) (19 M, 21 F; mean age 39.26 +/- 7.41 years). Plasma 25 (OH) vitamin D levels were measured by liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Plasma YKL-40 analysis was performed by ELISA. Serum hs-CRP levels were measured by nephelometric method. Plasma vitamin D levels below 20 ng/mL were accepted as vitamin D deficiency. Although we could not find any significant differences by means of serum hs-CRP levels between Group 1 and Group 2 (2.21 (0.27-11.70); 1.79 (0.16-9.85) mg/L, p = 0.247), plasma YKL-40 levels were significantly higher in group 1 than group2 (70.47 (17.84-198.50); 47.14 (4.80-135.48) ng/mL, p = 0.047). In literature, vitamin D deficiency is associated with inflammation. In our study, we found similar hs-CRP levels between groups and higher YKL-40 levels in group 1. Vitamin D deficiency may be related to high YKL-40 levels in terms of causing chronic inflammation.
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    Corelation Between the 24-Hour Urine Aldosterone Levels and Atrial Electromechanical Conduction Time
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2013) Soylu, Ahmet; Alibasic, Hayrudin; Yildirim, Elif; Toker, Aysun; Erdogan, Halil Ibrahim; Duzenli, Mehmet Akif; Tokac, Mehmet
    [Abstract Not Availabe]
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    Effect of Carvedilol on Secondary Damage in Experimental Spinal Cord Injury in Rats
    (2015) Karataş, Yaşar; Cengiz, Şahika Liva; Esen, Hacı Hasan; Toker, Aysun; Savaş, Çiğdem
    Aim: Previous studies have shown that carvedilol has a neuroprotective effect in animal models of brain ischemia and brain oxidative damage in vitro. This study was perfomed to investigate the effect of carvedilol on the secondary damage in experimental spinal cord injury (SCI). Material and methods: Twenty-four Wistar albino rats were divided into three groups. Group 1 underwent laminectomy alone. Group 2 underwent laminectomy followed by SCI and received carvedilol. Group 3 underwent laminectomy followed by SCI and received no medication. The neurological functions were assessed by Tarlov’s motor scale at the first and 24th hours. Oxidative stress status was assessed by MDA, SOD, MPO, GSH activities. A TUNEL-based apoptosis kit was used for evaluating apoptosis in the spinal cord samples and hematoxylinand eosin-stained specimens were used for light microscopic examination. Results: Carvedilol reduced apoptosis and regulated oxidant and antioxidant status by increasing SOD and GSH levels and reducing MPO and MDA levels in the spinal tissue homogenate. Neurological examination of rats revealed statistically significant improvement 24 hours after the trauma. Conclusion: Carvedilol has a statistically significant therapeutic effect, especially on functional recovery, and we found that carvedilol reduced secondary damage by inhibiting apoptosis and regulating the oxidant and antioxidant status.
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    The effect of melatonin and vitamin C treatment on the experimentally induced tympanosclerosis: study in rats
    (Assoc Brasileira Otorrinolaringologia & Cirurgia Cervicofacial, 2017) Koc, Sema; Kiyici, Halil; Toker, Aysun; Soyalic, Harun; Aslan, Huseyin; Kesici, Hakan; Karaca, Zafer I.
    Introduction: The ethiopathogenesis of tympanosclerosis has not been completely under-stood yet. Recent studies have shown that free oxygen radicals are important in the formation of tympanosclerosis. Melatonin and Vitamin C are known to be a powerful antioxidant, interacts directly with Reactive Oxygen Species and controls free radical-mediated tissue damage. Objective: To demonstrate the possible preventative effects of melatonin and Vitamin C on tympanosclerosis in rats by using histopathology and determination of total antioxidant status total antioxidant status. Methods: Standard myringotomy and standard injury were performed in the middle ear of 24 rats. The animals were divided into three groups: Group 1 received melatonin, Group 2 received vitamin C, and Group 3 received saline solution. Results: The mean values of total antioxidant status were similar in the all study groups before the treatment period. The mean values of total antioxidant status were significantly higher in the melatonin and vitamin C groups compared to control group but vitamin C with melatonin groups were similar after the treatment period (p < 0.001). Minimum and maximum wall thicknesses were lower in the melatonin and vitamin C groups compared to the control group but the differences were insignificant. Conclusion: Melatonin increases total antioxidant status level and might have some effect on tympanosclerosis that develops after myringotomy. (C) 2016 Associacao Brasileira de Otorrinolaringologia e Cirurgia Cervico-Facial. Published by Elsevier Editora Ltda.
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    The effect of progesterone on systemic inflammation and oxidative stress in the rat model of sepsis
    (Medknow Publications & Media Pvt Ltd, 2014) Aksoy, Ayse Nur; Toker, Aysun; Celik, Muhammet; Aksoy, Mehmet; Halici, Zekai; Aksoy, Hulya
    Objectives: To explore the protective effect of progesterone on inflammation and oxidative stress in a rat model of sepsis created by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Materials and Methods: Rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: Overiectomy group (OVX), sham operated (control), sepsis (CLP) group and progesterone-treated CLP group (CLP+ progesterone). The rats in CLP+ progesterone group received intraperitoneal progesterone (2 mg/kg). Cardiac blood samples were obtained for the measurement levels of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Tissue samples, including liver, kidney and uterus of rats were prepared to determine activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and levels of malondialdehyde (MDA). Results: Increased serum IL-6 and TNF-alpha levels were found in the CLP group in comparison with the control group (P = 0.01, P = 0.02; respectively). In CLP+ progesterone group, mean MDA concentration of kidney tissue was significantly lower than in CLP group (P = 0.003). Liver MDA concentration of the CLP+ progesterone group was not significantly different from that of the control group. While there were no significant differences among groups regarding liver MPO; in the CLP group, MPO activity in kidney (P = 0.02) and uterine tissues (P = 0.03) were found to be significantly higher compared to the control group. In CLP+ progesterone group, mean MPO activities of all tissues were not different than those of control group. The uterine tissue GPx activity in the CLP+ progesterone group was not statistically significantly different from control group. Conclusions: We suggest that progesterone ameliorates sepsis syndrome by reduction of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6 and TNF-alpha, and by restoration of antioxidant enzyme activities in some tissues.
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    The effects of acetyl shikonin isolated from Onosma armeniacum on oxidative stress in ethanol-induced ulcer model of rats
    (2013) Toker, Aysun; Akçay, Fatih; Aksoy, Hülya; Süleyman, Halis; Özgen, Ufuk; Erdem, Havva
    Aim: We investigated the effects of acetyl shikonin isolated from Onosma armeniacum on ethanol-induced gastric injury (ulcer) and on oxidantantioxidant parameters in the gastric tissue of rats. Materials and methods: Eighteen albino Wistar male rats were divided into 3 different experimental groups. Group 1 (n 6) was the control group, group 2 (n 6) was the ethanol group, and group 3 (n 6) was the acetyl shikonin ethanol group. The animals in group 3 were given ethanol (1 mL, 50% v/v) 30 min after acetyl shikonin (40 mg/kg) administration by orogastric tube. Results: The lowest mean nitric oxide level; the lowest superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and glutathione S-transferase activities; and the highest malondialdehyde level and myeloperoxidase activity were obtained in group 2. It was observed that acetyl shikonin increased the activities of antioxidant enzymes and the level of nitric oxide and decreased the level of malondialdehyde and the activity of myeloperoxidase in group 3. In histopathological evaluation, minimal lymphocyte infiltration and edema were seen but no ulcerations were observed in group 3. Conclusion: The data revealed that the antiulcer effect of acetyl shikonin might be due to an increase in antioxidant enzyme activity and nitric oxide levels, and a decrease in malondialdehyde levels and myeloperoxidase activity
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    Effects of acrylamide treatment on oxidant and antioxidant levels in rats
    (2013) Yerlikaya, Fatma Hümeyra; Toker, Aysun; Yeşim, Yener
    Bu çalışmada, uzun süre akrilamid verilen sıçanlar üzerinde total antioksidan durum (TAS), total oksidan durum (TOS) ve iskemi modifiye albuminin (IMA) serum düzeylerinin nasıl değiştiğinin araştırılması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmada 65-75 g ağırlığında ve yaşları 3-4 haftalık 25 erkek ve 25 dişi Wistar cinsi sıçanlar kullanılmıştır. Hayvanlar 90 gün boyunca standart sıçan yemi ile beslenmişlerdir. Bununla beraber, günlük tüketecekleri içme suyuna 2 mg/kg/gün ve 5 mg/kg/gün dozunda akrilamid ilave edilmiştir. Akrilamid uygulaması sonrası hayvanlar anestezi altında servikal dislokasyonla öldürülmüş ve serumlarında IMA, TAS, TOS ve albumin düzeyleri spektrofotometrik yöntem ile ölçülmüştür. 2 mg/kg ve 5mg/kg akrilamid verilen erkek sıçanlara ait serum IMA düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. Ayrıca, 5mg/kg akrilamid verilen erkek sıçanlara ait serum TAS düzeyleri kontrol grubuna göre önemli derecede düşük ve serum TOS değerleri önemli derecede yüksek bulunmuştur. 2 mg/kg ve 5mg/kg akrilamid verilen dişi sıçanlara ve kontrol grubuna ait serum IMA, TAS, TOS ve albumin düzeyleri arasında istatistiki açıdan önemli bir fark bulunamamıştır. Bu sonuçlara bağlı olarak bulgularımız, akrilamidin oksidatif stresi artırdığını göstermektedir.
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    Effects of Carvacrol on Survival, Mesenteric Blood Flow, Aortic Function and Multiple Organ Injury in a Murine Model of Polymicrobial Sepsis
    (Springer/Plenum Publishers, 2017) Ozer, Erdem Kamil; Goktas, Mustafa Tugrul; Toker, Aysun; Bariskaner, Hulagu; Ugurluoglu, Ceyhan; Iskit, Alper Bektas
    Carvacrol (CRV) has strong cytoprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory properties. We aimed to demonstrate the possible protective effects of CRV on survival, mesenteric artery blood flow (MBF), vascular reactivity, and oxidative and inflammatory injuries in a murine model of polymicrobial sepsis induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). Wistar rats were allocated into the following four groups: Sham, CLP, Sham + CRV, and CLP + CRV. The animals were orally administered with CRV (80 mg/kg/day) or vehicle (corn oil; 1 mL/kg/day) for 7 days. At the eighth day, Sham or CLP procedure was applied. Twenty hours after the operations, MBF and contractile responses of isolated aortic preparations to phenylephrine were measured. Tissue samples were obtained for biochemical and histopathological assessments. Additionally, survival rates were recorded throughout 96 h. CRV administration improved the mesenteric perfusion, contractile function of aorta, and survival after CLP. CRV substantially prevented the elevations in the levels of LDH, BUN, Cr, and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta and interleukin-6) but could not prevent the elevations of AST and ALT after CLP. The decreased liver, kidney, and spleen glutathione levels and increased liver, kidney, lung, and spleen malondialdehyde levels induced by CLP were substantially restored by CRV. Also, histopathological protective effects of CRV on multiple organ damage due to CLP were observed. CRV possesses strong ameliorative effects on sepsis due to its protective effects on mesenteric perfusion and aortic function and its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory effects.
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    Effects of diclofenac sodium and octreotide on treatment of caerulein-induced acute pancreatitis in mice
    (E-Century Publishing Corp, 2015) Cakir, Ozlem Ozer; Esen, Hasan; Toker, Aysun; Ataseven, Huseyin; Demir, Ali; Polat, Hakki
    Background: Research continues to develop novel therapeutic modalities that particularly focus on the pathogenesis of acute pancreatitis. This study aimed to assess the effects of diclofenac sodium and octreotide, alone or in combination, on pancreatic enzymes, pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity, histopathology and apoptosis of pancreas cells, using a model of experimentally induced acute pancreatitis. Objectives: We aimed to demonstrate effects of diclofenac sodium, octreotide and their combined use on pancreatic enzymes, activity of pancreatic myeloperoxidase (MPO) activity, histopathology and apoptosis of pancreas on treatment of caerulin-induced experimental acute pancreatitis. Materials and methods: Caerulin-induced acute pancreatitis model was created using a total of 58 male BALB-C mice of 25 gr in seven groups. Serum amylase, lipase levels and pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity were examined as well as apoptotic values in pancreatic acinar cells through TUNNEL method. Histopathology of pancreas was evaluated for presence of edema, hemorrhage, parenchymal necrosis, fat necrosis, leukocyte infiltration, and fibrosis. Results: In the diclofenac sodium group, apoptotic values in the pancreatic acinar cells were found to be statistically lower than in the acute pancreatitis group in terms of parenchymal necrosis and hemorrhage scores (P = 0.007, P = 0.002, and P = 0.052, respectively). No statistically significant differences were found in serum level of amylase, lipase, pancreatic myeloperoxidase activity and the other histopathological scores (P > 0.05). Conclusion: Diclofenac sodium, a cost-effective agent with a favorable side-effect profile, may represent a novel therapeutic agent for the treatment of acute pancreatitis. Findings of this study suggest a better efficacy for diclofenac sodium monotherapy as compared to octreotide alone or octreotide/diclofenac combination.
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    Evaluation of Serum Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Acute Rheumatic Fever Before and After Therapy
    (All India Inst Medical Sciences, 2014) Toker, Aysun; Karatas, Zehra; Altin, Hakan; Karaarslan, Sevim; Cicekler, Humeyra; Alp, Hayrullah
    To investigate ischemia modified albumin (IMA) levels in children with acute rheumatic fever (ARF) before and after therapy and compare them with those of controls. Twenty seven patients with ARF and 18 healthy, age and sex matched children were included in the study. The diagnosis of ARF was established according to the modified Jones criteria. Follow-up studies were made when acute phase reactants [erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP)] levels returned normal. IMA levels were measured using the rapid and colorimetric method with the albumin cobalt binding test. IMA levels were significantly higher in ARF group (p < 0.001) compared with controls at the time on admission. IMA (absorbance units) was measured as 0.41 +/- 0.10 in the control group, 0.55 (0.44-1.13) in the study group before treatment and 0.48 +/- 0.12 in the study group after treatment. After treatment, statistically important decrements were determined in the levels of ESR (p < 0.001), CRP (p < 0.001) and IMA (p < 0.01). There was no significant difference for IMA levels between after treatment and control group. IMA levels at the time on admission correlated positively with ESR (r = 0.605, p < 0.01) and CRP (r = 0.543, p < 0.01). The present study shows that increased serum IMA levels in patients with ARF at the time of diagnosis is a sign of increased inflammation. Thus, serum IMA levels may be used as a follow-up marker like CRP and ESR for evaluating the efficacy of treatment in ARF.
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    Exploratory study to evaluate plasma vasopressin and apelin-13 levels in children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder
    (Wiley, 2016) Bilgic, Ayhan; Toker, Aysun; Uysal, Saliha
    AimVasopressin exerts robust influences on social communication and behavior in humans. Apelin is a relatively novel neuropeptide that could counteract vasopressin's actions and has been shown to be closely related with a broad range of physiological functions. Abnormalities in vasopressin and apelin have been detected in a variety of psychiatric disorders, but their relation to attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is unknown. In the present study, we explored the plasma levels of vasopressin and apelin-13 in children with ADHD. MethodsThirty-four children with ADHD and 36 healthy controls were enrolled in this study. The severity of ADHD symptoms was assessed via Conners' Parent Rating Scale and Conners' Teacher Rating Scale. Plasma levels of vasopressin and apelin-13 were measured using commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits. ResultsThe mean plasma apelin-13 levels were significantly higher in male children with ADHD than in male control subjects; no significant difference was found between the groups for plasma apelin-13 levels in girls or in the entire subject cohort. Plasma vasopressin levels did not show any significant differences between groups. There were no significant correlations between plasma levels of these neuropeptides and scores for Conners' Parent Rating Scale and Conners' Teacher Rating Scale. ConclusionOur results suggest a sex-specific association between plasma apelin-13 levels and ADHD. Apelin-13 may play a role in the etiopathogenesis of ADHD either with a direct impact on the apelin receptor or via its opposing effect on the vasopressinergic system.
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    The Importance of Liver-Fatty Acid Binding Protein in Diagnosis of Liver Damage in Patients with Acute Hepatitis
    (Premchand Shantidevi Research Foundation, 2017) Cakir, Ozlem Ozer; Toker, Aysun; Ataseven, Huseyin; Demir, Ali; Polat, Hakki
    Introduction: Acute hepatitis is acute inflammation of liver elicited by a large number of causes. It sometimes spontaneously recovers, sometimes may progress to chronic hepatitis. LiverFatty Acid Binding Protein (L-FABP) is a small protein that is abundant in hepatocytes, and which binds most of the longchain fatty acids present in the cytosol. Aim: The present study aimed to investigate the levels of serum and urine L-FABP in acute hepatitis and diagnostic value of serum and urine L-FABP levels in patients with acute hepatitis. Materials and Methods: The present study included a total of 85 patients. Total number of patients with acute hepatitis were 17 (five of acute hepatitis B, one of acute hepatitis A, two of acute hepatitis C, five of autoimmune hepatitis and four of toxic hepatitis), 19 of hepatic encephalopathy, 29 of liver cirrhosis, and 20 controls were included. Serum and urinary L-FABP levels were analyzed by the Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). Results: Serum L-FABP levels were 9110 +/- 3352.5, 9410 +/- 1355, 9715 +/- 2462 and 3672 +/- 982.5 ng/l in patients with acute hepatitis, hepatic encephalopathy and cirrhosis and control subjects, respectively. There were statistically significant positive correlations between serum levels of L-FABP and Aspartate Aminotransferases (AST), Alanine Aminotransferases (ALT), Creatinine (Cre) and Gamma Glutamyl Transferases (GGT) (p<0.001, p<0.001, p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). While the cut-off value of serum L-FABP for all of the patients was 5183 ng/ l {p<0.001 and Area Under Curve (AUC)0.985}, the sensitivity and specificity were 95.4% and 100%, respectively. Positive and negative predictive values for serum L- FABP were 100% and 87%, respectively. Conclusion: Serum and urine L-FABP may be a new diagnostic marker for liver damage in patients with acute hepatitis. However, our study showed that except of aminotransferases, L-FABP should be used for diagnosis of liver damage in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic hepatitis and also cirrhosis.
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    Infliximab alleviates the mortality, mesenteric hypoperfusion, aortic dysfunction, and multiple organ damage in septic rats
    (Canadian Science Publishing, 2017) Ozer, Erdem Kamil; Goktas, Mustafa Tugrul; Kilinc, Ibrahim; Toker, Aysun; Bariskaner, Hulagu; Ugurluoglu, Ceyhan; Iskit, Alper Bektas
    Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) is a pivotal mediator that triggers inflammatory process, oxidative stress, and multiple organ injury in sepsis. We investigated the effects of infliximab on survival, mesenteric artery blood flow (MBF), vascular reactivity, and oxidative and inflammatory injuries in cecal ligation and puncture (CLP)-induced sepsis. Wistar rats were divided into Sham, CLP, Sham+infliximab, and CLP+infliximab subgroups. Twenty-four hours before the operations, rats were injected intraperitoneally with infliximab (7 mg/kg) or vehicle (saline; 1 mL/kg). Twenty hours after the operations, MBF and phenylephrine responses of isolated aortic rings were measured. Tissue damages were examined biochemically and histopathologically. Furthermore, survival rates were monitored throughout 96 h. Infliximab improved survival, mesenteric perfusion, and aortic function after CLP. Increases of serum AST, ALT, LDH, BUN, Cr, and inflammatory cytokines (tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1 beta, and interleukin-6) induced by CLP were blocked by infliximab. Infliximab prevented malondialdehyde elevations in septic liver, lung, spleen, and kidney tissues, as well as glutathione reductions in septic liver, spleen, and kidney tissues. Protective effects of infliximab on multiple organ damage were also observed histopathologically. Infliximab showed protective effects in sepsis due to its improvement effects on mesenteric perfusion, aortic function, and its anti-inflammatory and antioxidative effects.
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    Investigation of Oxidative Stress Markers in Essential Hypertension
    (Clin Lab Publ, 2013) Toker, Aysun; Mehmetoglu, Idris; Yerlikaya, F. Humeyra; Nergiz, Suleyman; Kurban, Sevil; Gok, Hasan
    Background: The main goal of this study was to evaluate ischemia modified albumin (IMA), total antioxidant status (TAS), and total oxidant status (TOS) levels in treated essential hypertensive patients and to compare them with levels of normotensive subjects. Methods: In 45 hypertensive and 30 control subjects, serum levels of IMA were determined manually using a spectrophotometric Co(II)-albumin binding assay. TAS and TOS levels were evaluated spectrophotometrically. Lipid profile was estimated by routine methods. Results: Hypertensive patients had significantly higher levels of TOS and IMA (p = 0.020 and p = 0.034, respectively) and lower levels of TAS (p = 0.016) in comparison with control subjects. Serum levels of TAS were negatively correlated with TOS and IMA levels in the patient group. Serum levels of TOS were also positively correlated with IMA levels. There was no significant correlation between blood pressure and TAS, TOS, and IMA levels. Conclusions: Our results showed higher levels of IMA in hypertensive patients. We suggest that higher levels of IMA may result from increased oxidative stress and decreased antioxidant status in hypertensive patients.
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    Is major depression associated with serum levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in patients with rheumatoid arthritis?
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2015) Uguz, Faruk; Kucuk, Adem; Aydogan, Semra; Arslan, Sevket; Kurt, Hatice Guncu; Toker, Aysun; Sahin, Muhammed
    Objective: This study presents the serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) levels in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients with major depression and without any psychiatric disorder. Methods: The study sample included 61 patients with a diagnosis of RA. Major depression and other psychiatric disorders were screened with the Structured Clinical Interview for the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fourth Edition. Blood sample for the determination of serum TNF-alpha level was obtained before the psychiatric interview. Results: The prevalence rates of any depressive disorder and any anxiety disorder were 40.3% (n = 25) and 22.6% (n = 14), respectively. Fifteen (24.2%) patients had major depression alone, whereas 27 (43.5%) patients were not diagnosed with any psychiatric disorder. We could not determine any significant differences between the patients with major depression alone and patients without any psychiatric diagnosis with regard to the serum levels of TNF-alpha. Conclusions: The existence of major depression in RA patients does not seem to be associated with serum levels of TNF-ce. (C) 2015 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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    Is Urinary Kidney Injury Molecule-1 a Noninvasive Marker for Renal Scarring in Children With Vesicoureteral Reflux?
    (Elsevier Science Inc, 2013) Toker, Aysun; Ziypak, Tevfik; Orsal, Ebru; Laloglu, Esra; Bedir, Fevzi; Aksoy, Yilmaz
    OBJECTIVE To examine whether (1) levels of urinary kidney injury molecule-1 (KIM-1), a transmembrane protein and biomarker for renal tubular damage, increase in children with of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR), and (2) if KIM-1 predicts the grade of renal scarring in children with VUR. METHODS The study included 59 VUR patients with renal scarring, 5 VUR patients without renal scarring and 25 healthy controls aged 1 to 17 years. Dimercaptosuccinic acid scans were performed for determination of scarring and graded by 3 independent, blinded pediatric urologists for renal scarring according to the Randomized Intervention for Children with VUR study criteria. Spot urine samples were obtained. Urinary KIM-1 and creatinine levels were measured and the KIM-1/creatinine ratio was calculated. RESULTS Urine geometric mean KIM-1 levels (ng/mg creatinine) were significantly higher in VUR patients than in healthy controls (P = .018). Although the correlation between VUR grade and geometric mean KIM-1 levels was not significant, a positive correlation was found for scarring grade and geometric mean KIM-1 levels (r = .30, P = .02). When the patients were divided by subgroups according to scarring grade (group I, grade 1; group II, grades 2 and 3; group III, grade 4), the log KIM-1 in group III was significantly higher than in group I (P = .004). CONCLUSION Urinary KIM-1 levels might be used as a noninvasive marker, particularly in showing severe scarring in children with VUR. UROLOGY 81: 168-172, 2013. (C) 2013 Elsevier Inc.
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    Ischemia modified albumin Changes During OGTT in Pregnant Women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus
    (Canadian Soc Clinical Investigation, 2015) Uysal, Saliha; Toker, Aysun; Akcay, Merve; Gokce, Hacer R.
    Purpose: Published results regarding the oxidative status in gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM) are conflicting. As a biomarker for acute ischemia, ischemia modified albumin (IMA) is associated with pregnancy, especially complicated pregnancies. Our aim was to investigate serum IMA, malondialdehyde (MDA) and total antioxidant status (TAS) levels in patients with GDM. Changes in serum IMA levels after glucose loading during oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) in pregnant women were also analysed. Methods: OGTT were performed on age-matched participants. Pregnant with abnormal glucose challenge test (GCT), normal glucose tolerance (NGT) (Group 1, n=32) and GDM (Group 2, n=28), defined by ADA criteria, were also performed. Serum IMA, MDA and TAS levels were determined by colorimetric methods. Results: Serum MDA levels in group 2 were significantly higher compared with group 1 (p<0.05) There were no significant differences in serum TAS and IMA levels between two groups (p>0.05). Similar serum IMA levels were obtained in both groups, both at baseline and in the following serum samples during OGTT. In GDM group, there were significant correlations between MDA levels with baseline IMA levels (r=0.51, p=0.005) and first hour IMA levels (r=0.39, p=0.039). Conclusions: Increased oxidative stress may play important role in GDM pathogenesis. Glucose loading does not appear to affect IMA formation; however, larger studies are necessary to understand a wider range of biochemical parameters in large population-based studies of patients with GDM.
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    Ischemia Modified Albumin Levels in Rheumatoid Arthritis
    (Wiley, 2015) Uslu, Ali Ugur; Kucuk, Adem; Balta, Sevket; Arslan, Sevket; Tekin, Levent; Kucuksen, Sami; Toker, Aysun
    [Abstract Not Availabe]