Maliye Nazırı Cavit Bey'in faaliyetleri (1914-1926)
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Cavit Bey, Osmanlı Devleti’ni en buhranlı döneminde Maliye Nazırlığı görevini
yürütmüştür. Doğup büyüdüğü Selanik’te özellikle iktisadî konularda gösterdiği maharetleri
dikkati çektiğinden mensup olduğu İttihat ve Terakki Cemiyeti’nin hükûmet kurması ile siyasi
hayatı başlamıştır. I. Dünya Savaşı’na girilmesine karşı çıkan Cavit Bey’in öncelikli hedefi
devleti malî buhrandan kurtarmaktır. Harbe girilmesi sonrası görevinden istifa etmiş, fakat
Osmanlı maliyesine yön vermeye devam etmiştir. Görevi çeşitli sebeplerle kesintiye uğrasa da
1918 yılına kadar Maliye Nezareti uhdesinde kalmıştır.
Bu çalışmada Osmanlı Devleti’nin iktisadî problemlerini çözüme kavuşturmak için
gayret sarfeden, liberal düşüncenin savunucularından olan Cavit Bey’in faaliyetleri ele
alınmıştır. Savaş döneminde Almanya ve Avusturya’dan borç alma serüveni, borç sayesinde
kısa süreliğine rahatlayan ekonomiyi güçlendirmek adına attığı en önemli adımlardan biri olan
Osmanlı İtibar-ı Millî Bankasını kurması, kapitülasyonların kaldırılması için verdiği
mücadeleler, Osmanlı maliyesinin gelişmesini sağlayan önemli adımlardır.
Maliye Nazırı olarak görev aldığı hükümetin I. Dünya Savaşı’ndan yenik çıkması
üzerine Lozan Barış Antlaşması’nın birinci evresinde görüşmelerde yer alması, İzmir suikastı
girişimine adının karışması gibi sebeplerle savaş suçlusu ilan edilenler arasında sayılan Cavit
Bey İstiklal Mahkemesinde yargılanarak idam edilmiştir.
Cavit Bey started the duty of Minister of Finance during the most depressed period of the Ottoman Empire. His political life began in Thessaloniki, where he was born and raised, with the establishment of the Union and Progress Society, where he was one of the people, regardless of the skills of products that did not belong to him. The basic state of Cavit Bey, who was against entering the I. World, was to save the financial crisis. Taking advantage of the task of entering the war will turn into Ottoman finance in the future. His duty remained in the Ministry of Finance until 1918 for various reasons. In this study, the activities of Cavit Bey, one of the advocates of liberal thought, who made an effort to solve the economic problems of the Ottoman Empire, were discussed. The adventure of borrowing from Germany and Austria during the war, the establishment of the Ottoman National Bank, which was one of the most important steps he took to strengthen the economy, which was relieved for a short time thanks to the debt, and his struggles for the abolition of capitulations are important steps that ensured the development of the Ottoman finances. Cavit Bey, who was among those declared a war criminal for reasons such as his participation in the negotiations in the first phase of the Lausanne Peace Treaty after the government he served as Minister of Finance was defeated in the First World War, and his involvement in the Izmir assassination attempt, was tried and executed in the Independence Court.
Cavit Bey started the duty of Minister of Finance during the most depressed period of the Ottoman Empire. His political life began in Thessaloniki, where he was born and raised, with the establishment of the Union and Progress Society, where he was one of the people, regardless of the skills of products that did not belong to him. The basic state of Cavit Bey, who was against entering the I. World, was to save the financial crisis. Taking advantage of the task of entering the war will turn into Ottoman finance in the future. His duty remained in the Ministry of Finance until 1918 for various reasons. In this study, the activities of Cavit Bey, one of the advocates of liberal thought, who made an effort to solve the economic problems of the Ottoman Empire, were discussed. The adventure of borrowing from Germany and Austria during the war, the establishment of the Ottoman National Bank, which was one of the most important steps he took to strengthen the economy, which was relieved for a short time thanks to the debt, and his struggles for the abolition of capitulations are important steps that ensured the development of the Ottoman finances. Cavit Bey, who was among those declared a war criminal for reasons such as his participation in the negotiations in the first phase of the Lausanne Peace Treaty after the government he served as Minister of Finance was defeated in the First World War, and his involvement in the Izmir assassination attempt, was tried and executed in the Independence Court.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Cavit Bey, I. Dünya Şavaşı, Borç, Ekonomi, World War I, Debt, Economy
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Akbulut, Ö. F. (2022). Maliye Nazırı Cavit Bey'in faaliyetleri (1914-1926). (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
