Gebelerde sigaranın yenidoğanın apgar skoru ve doğum parametreleri üzerine etkisi: konya örneği
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
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Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Amaç: Bu çalışmada gebelerde sigara içme ve tütün dumanına maruziyet prevelansının tespit edilmesi; sigara içen ve içmeyen kadınların, doğum sürecinde ve bebeklerinin doğum parametrelerinde farklılık olup olmadığının incelenerek, sorunun ortaya konmasına katkıda bulunulması hedeflendi.
Gereç ve yöntem: Bu araştırma tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel tipte bir çalışma olarak planlanmıştır. 15 Ocak–15 Nisan 2021 tarihleri arasında Konya İl Sağlık Müdürlüğü Dr. Ali Kemal Belviranlı Kadın Doğum ve Çocuk Hastalıkları Hastanesinde yeni doğum yapmış kadınlardan 502 katılımcıyla yapılmıştır. Veriler, araştırmacılar tarafından hazırlanmış sosyodemografik bilgilerin, doğum süreci ve yenidoğanla ilgili özelliklerin, sigara kullanımına dair tutum ve davranışların yer aldığı bilgi formu ve Fagerström Nikotin Bağımlılık Testi kullanılarak toplanmıştır. Araştırma verileri Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) versiyon 22.0 istatistik paket programında değerlendirilmiştir. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0,05 olarak kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular: Çalışmaya alınanların yaş ortalaması 27,2±5,8 (min:18, max:45) yıl idi. Katılımcıların %34,8’i lise ve üstü eğitimli, %93,6’sı çalışmamakta, %97,4’ü halen evli idi. 2 ve üzeri doğum yapmış anne yüzdesi %39,2 ile çoğunluğu oluşturmakta idi. Katılımcıların %82,0’ı gebeliğinde hiç sigara içmediğini, %9,2’si ise her gün içtiğini, %4,6’sı gebelikte bıraktığını, %2,8’i sadece 1-2 defa içtiğini, %1,4’ü ara sıra içtiğini belirtmişti. Çalışmaya alınanların %67,5’inin ise evinde diğer bireyler tarafından sigara tüketilmekteydi.
Çalışmada bebeklerin %99,2’si (n=498) canlı, %0,8’i (n=4) ölü doğduğu tespit edildi. Toplamda gerçekleşen 502 doğumun %6,8’inde (n=34) çeşitli sebeplerle yoğun bakım ihtiyacı olduğu bulundu. Yenidoğanın canlılık durumu, yoğun bakım ihtiyacı olup olmaması ve ilk muayenede tespit edilebilen herhangi bir konjenital anomali varlığı ile de annelerin sigara kullanım durumu arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark saptanmadı (p>0,05). Katılımcıların sigara kullanım durumu ile yenidoğanın ağırlığı karşılaştırıldığında ise sigara içen ve içmeyen gruplar arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı bir fark görüldü (p=0,009). Evde sigara dumanına maruziyet ile bebeğin canlılık durumu arasında (p=0,011) ve APGAR 1. dakika skoru arasında anlamlı bir ilişki bulundu (p=0,026).
Sonuç: Sigara tüketimi açısından özellikli bir zaman olan, gebelik döneminde sigara kullanımının incelendiği çalışmamızda, gebeliğin kadınlarda tütün ve tütün ürünleri ile mücadele için bir fırsat olduğu tekrar gözler önüne serilmiştir. Elde edilen verilerde sigara kullanmayı bırakmak isteyen gebelerin, bir yöntem kullanmadığının tespit edilmesi ise fırsatın kaçırıldığını düşündürmekte, bu bireylerle temas halinde olan Aile Hekimlerinin konuya dikkatlerinin çekilmesinin gerekliliğini göstermektedir.
Gebeler açısından dumansız hava sahası ele alındığında ise; çalışmada değerlendirilen sigara dumanına pasif maruziyetin yenidoğanın doğum ağırlığına etkisi ve APGAR skoru ile ilişkisi, bu çalışmanın ilgili alandaki literatüre yaptığı önemli bir katkıdır.
Aim: In the study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking and exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnant women and to contribute to the identification of the problem by examining whether there is a difference in the birth process and birth parameters of the babies of smoking and non-smoking women. Materials and Methods: This study was planned as a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It was conducted between 15 January and 15 April 2021 with 502 participants from women who had recently given birth in Konya Provincial Health Directorate Dr. Ali Kemal Belviranlı Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. The data were collected using an information form prepared by the researchers including sociodemographic information, characteristics related to the birth process and newborn, attitudes and behaviours regarding smoking, and the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test. The data were evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 statistical package programme. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.2±5.8 years (min:18, max:45). 34.8% of the participants had high school education or higher, 93.6% were not working, and 97.4% were still married. The percentage of mothers who had 2 or more births constituted the majority with 39.2%. Among the participants, 82.0% had never smoked during pregnancy, 9.2% smoked every day, 4.6% quit smoking during pregnancy, 2.8% smoked only 1-2 times, and 1.4% smoked occasionally. In 67.5% of those included in the study, cigarettes were consumed by other individuals at home. In the study, 99.2% (n=498) of the babies were born alive and 0.8% (n=4) were stillborn. It was found that 6.8% (n=34) of the 502 births in total needed intensive care for various reasons. No statistically significant difference was found between the vitality status of the newborn, the need for intensive care and the presence of any congenital anomaly that could be detected in the first examination and the smoking status of the mothers (p>0.05). When the smoking status of the participants was compared with the weight of the newborn, a statistically significant difference was observed between the smoking and non-smoking groups (p=0.009). A significant correlation was found between exposure to cigarette smoke at home and the vital status of the baby (p=0.011) and APGAR 1 minute score (p=0.026). Conclusions: In our study in which smoking during pregnancy, which is a special time in terms of cigarette consumption, was analysed, it was revealed again that pregnancy is an opportunity for combating tobacco and tobacco products in women. In the data obtained, it was found that pregnant women who wanted to quit smoking did not use a method, which suggests that the opportunity was missed and shows the necessity of drawing the attention of Family Physicians who are in contact with these individuals to the issue. When the smokefree airspace is considered in terms of pregnant women, the effect of passive exposure to cigarette smoke on the birth weight of the newborn and its relationship with APGAR score, which were evaluated in the study, is an important contribution of this study to the literature in the related field.
Aim: In the study, it was aimed to determine the prevalence of smoking and exposure to tobacco smoke in pregnant women and to contribute to the identification of the problem by examining whether there is a difference in the birth process and birth parameters of the babies of smoking and non-smoking women. Materials and Methods: This study was planned as a descriptive and cross-sectional study. It was conducted between 15 January and 15 April 2021 with 502 participants from women who had recently given birth in Konya Provincial Health Directorate Dr. Ali Kemal Belviranlı Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital. The data were collected using an information form prepared by the researchers including sociodemographic information, characteristics related to the birth process and newborn, attitudes and behaviours regarding smoking, and the Fagerström Nicotine Dependence Test. The data were evaluated using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences (SPSS) version 22.0 statistical package programme. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: The mean age of the participants was 27.2±5.8 years (min:18, max:45). 34.8% of the participants had high school education or higher, 93.6% were not working, and 97.4% were still married. The percentage of mothers who had 2 or more births constituted the majority with 39.2%. Among the participants, 82.0% had never smoked during pregnancy, 9.2% smoked every day, 4.6% quit smoking during pregnancy, 2.8% smoked only 1-2 times, and 1.4% smoked occasionally. In 67.5% of those included in the study, cigarettes were consumed by other individuals at home. In the study, 99.2% (n=498) of the babies were born alive and 0.8% (n=4) were stillborn. It was found that 6.8% (n=34) of the 502 births in total needed intensive care for various reasons. No statistically significant difference was found between the vitality status of the newborn, the need for intensive care and the presence of any congenital anomaly that could be detected in the first examination and the smoking status of the mothers (p>0.05). When the smoking status of the participants was compared with the weight of the newborn, a statistically significant difference was observed between the smoking and non-smoking groups (p=0.009). A significant correlation was found between exposure to cigarette smoke at home and the vital status of the baby (p=0.011) and APGAR 1 minute score (p=0.026). Conclusions: In our study in which smoking during pregnancy, which is a special time in terms of cigarette consumption, was analysed, it was revealed again that pregnancy is an opportunity for combating tobacco and tobacco products in women. In the data obtained, it was found that pregnant women who wanted to quit smoking did not use a method, which suggests that the opportunity was missed and shows the necessity of drawing the attention of Family Physicians who are in contact with these individuals to the issue. When the smokefree airspace is considered in terms of pregnant women, the effect of passive exposure to cigarette smoke on the birth weight of the newborn and its relationship with APGAR score, which were evaluated in the study, is an important contribution of this study to the literature in the related field.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Gebelik, Pregnancy, Yenidoğan, Newborn, Sigara, Cigarette, Tütün kullanımı, Tobacco Use, Tütün dumanı, Tobacco Smoke, Pasif İçicilik, Passive Smoking
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
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Sayı
Künye
Tekin, C. (2024). Gebelerde sigaranın yenidoğanın apgar skoru ve doğum parametreleri üzerine etkisi: konya örneği. (Yayınlanmamış tıpta uzmanlık tezi) Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Tıp Fakültesi Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
