Ameliyat sonrası kan transfüzyonu yapılan hastalarda anksiyete düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörler
Yükleniyor...
Dosyalar
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Ameliyat öncesi ve sonrası yapılan tüm işlemler gibi kan transfüzyonu da hastanın tedavi sürecini olumsuz etkileyen anksiyete düzeyini arttırabilmektedir. Bu araştırma; ameliyat sonrası dönemde kan transfüzyonu yapılan hastalarda anksiyete düzeyini ve etkileyen faktörleri tespit etmek amacı ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Tanımlayıcı ve ilişki arayıcı olan çalışma, 01.11.23–31.04.24 tarihleri arasında bir üniversite hastanesi cerrahi kliniklerinde ameliyat sonrası kan transfüzyonu uygulanan 117 hasta ile gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler "Anket Formu" ve "Spielberger Durumluk Anksiyete Ölçeği" kullanılarak yüz yüze görüşme tekniği ile toplanmıştır. Verilerin analizinde, tanımlayıcı verilerde yüzdelikler ve ortalama, verilerin karşılaştırılmasında tek yönlü varyans analizi ve Pearson korelasyon testleri kullanılmıştır. Araştırmanın öncesinde ölçek izni, etik kurul ve kurum izinleri alınmıştır. Katılımcı hastalardan onamları alınmıştır. Çalışmaya katılan hastalar 18-78 yaş aralığında olup %49,6'sı kadındır. Hastaların %90,6'sı evli olup %58,1'i eşi, %29,1'i ise çocuğu tarafından bakım görmektedir. Hastalara yapılan ön test son test durumluk anksiyete ölçümü başlangıçta 43,68±8,31 birim, son ölçümde 43,41±8,94 birimdi. Durumluk anksiyete ölçümleri ön test ve son testte istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık göstermemekteydi (p>0,05). Çalışmada anksiyeteyi etkileyen etkenler incelendiğinde; anksiyete ortalaması evlilerde 42,97±8,02 puan, bekârlarda 50,45 ± 8,35 puandı, sonuç olarak evlilerin durumluk anksiyete ortalaması bekârlardan istatistiksel olarak düşüktü (p<0,05). Hastanede yatış sürelerine bakıldığında; ön test ve son testte 7 gün ve daha az süre hastanede yatanların durumluk anksiyete ortalaması 7 günden fazla yatanlardan istatistiksel olarak düşüktü (p<0,05). Son testte durumluk anksiyete düzeyi ile nabız arasında pozitif yönlü istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki vardı (p<0,05). Ön testte ve son testte durumluk anksiyete düzeyi ile diğer ölçümler arasında istatistiksel olarak anlamlı ilişki bulunmamaktaydı. Hastaların hemoglobin ve hemotokrit değerleri tamamında ve eritrosit sayıları %81,2'sinde düşüktü. Transfüzyon başlangıcı ve sonrasında vücut sıcaklığı, kan basıncı, solunum sayılarında anlamlı fark vardı (p<0,05). Çalışmanın sonucunda; kan transfüzyonu başlangıcında ve sonrasında hastaların durumluluk anksiyetesi düzeyleri değişmediği görüldü. Hastaların kişisel ve tedavi sürecine ilişkin bazı özelliklerin anksiyeteleri üzerinde etkisi olduğu saptansa da literatürde bu kapsamda farklı sonuçlar elde edilmiş olması, araştırılan konunun farklı hasta grupları ve koşullarda çalışılmaya devam edilmesi gerektiğini düşündürdü. Hemşirelerin, hastanın anksiyete yaşamasındaki önemli etkenlerden biri olan bilinmeyen durumlara açıklayıcı ve eğitici rolündeki tutum ve davranışlarının oldukça önemli bulunmaktadır. Hastaya hastanedeki rolü ve tedavi sürecine uyum gösterebilmesi için destekleyici ve bütüncül bakımı benimsemeleri önerilir.
Blood transfusion, like all procedures performed before and after surgery, can increase the patient's anxiety level, which negatively affects the treatment process. This study; This study was conducted to determine the anxiety level and the affecting factors in patients who received blood transfusion in the postoperative period. The descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 117 patients who received postoperative blood transfusion in a university hospital surgical clinic between 01.11.23 and 31.04.24. Data were collected using the "Survey Form" and the "Spielberger State Anxiety Scale" with face-to-face interview technique. In the analysis of the data, percentages and means were used in descriptive data, and one-way variance analysis and Pearson correlation tests were used in the comparison of data. Scale permission, ethics committee and institutional permissions were obtained before the study. Consent was obtained from the participating patients. The patients participating in the study were between the ages of 18-78 and 49.6% were female. 90.6% of the patients were married, 58.1% were being cared for by their spouses and 29.1% by their children. The pre-test and post-test state anxiety measurement applied to the patients was 43.68±8.31 units at the beginning and 43.41±8.94 units at the last measurement. State anxiety measurements did not show any statistically significant difference in the pre-test and post-test (p>0.05). When the factors affecting anxiety in the study were examined; the mean anxiety was 42.97±8.02 points in married individuals and 50.45±8.35 points in single individuals, as a result, the mean state anxiety of the married individuals was statistically lower than the single individuals (p<0.05). When the duration of hospitalization was considered; the mean state anxiety of those hospitalized for 7 days or less in the pre-test and post-test was statistically lower than those hospitalized for more than 7 days (p<0.05). There was a positive statistically significant relationship between state anxiety level and pulse rate in the post-test (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between state anxiety level and other measurements in the pre-test and post-test. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values of the patients were low in all and erythrocyte counts in 81.2%. There was a significant difference in body temperature, blood pressure and respiratory rate at the beginning and after transfusion (p<0.05). As a result of the study; it was seen that the patients' state anxiety levels did not change at the beginning and after the blood transfusion. Although it was determined that some characteristics of the patients' personal and treatment process had an effect on their anxiety, the fact that different results were obtained in this context in the literature suggested that the subject under investigation should be continued to be studied in different patient groups and conditions. The attitudes and behaviors of nurses in the role of explaining and educating unknown situations, which is one of the important factors in the patient's anxiety, are found to be very important. It is recommended that the patient adopt supportive and holistic care in order to adapt to his/her role in the hospital and the treatment process.
Blood transfusion, like all procedures performed before and after surgery, can increase the patient's anxiety level, which negatively affects the treatment process. This study; This study was conducted to determine the anxiety level and the affecting factors in patients who received blood transfusion in the postoperative period. The descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 117 patients who received postoperative blood transfusion in a university hospital surgical clinic between 01.11.23 and 31.04.24. Data were collected using the "Survey Form" and the "Spielberger State Anxiety Scale" with face-to-face interview technique. In the analysis of the data, percentages and means were used in descriptive data, and one-way variance analysis and Pearson correlation tests were used in the comparison of data. Scale permission, ethics committee and institutional permissions were obtained before the study. Consent was obtained from the participating patients. The patients participating in the study were between the ages of 18-78 and 49.6% were female. 90.6% of the patients were married, 58.1% were being cared for by their spouses and 29.1% by their children. The pre-test and post-test state anxiety measurement applied to the patients was 43.68±8.31 units at the beginning and 43.41±8.94 units at the last measurement. State anxiety measurements did not show any statistically significant difference in the pre-test and post-test (p>0.05). When the factors affecting anxiety in the study were examined; the mean anxiety was 42.97±8.02 points in married individuals and 50.45±8.35 points in single individuals, as a result, the mean state anxiety of the married individuals was statistically lower than the single individuals (p<0.05). When the duration of hospitalization was considered; the mean state anxiety of those hospitalized for 7 days or less in the pre-test and post-test was statistically lower than those hospitalized for more than 7 days (p<0.05). There was a positive statistically significant relationship between state anxiety level and pulse rate in the post-test (p<0.05). There was no statistically significant relationship between state anxiety level and other measurements in the pre-test and post-test. Hemoglobin and hematocrit values of the patients were low in all and erythrocyte counts in 81.2%. There was a significant difference in body temperature, blood pressure and respiratory rate at the beginning and after transfusion (p<0.05). As a result of the study; it was seen that the patients' state anxiety levels did not change at the beginning and after the blood transfusion. Although it was determined that some characteristics of the patients' personal and treatment process had an effect on their anxiety, the fact that different results were obtained in this context in the literature suggested that the subject under investigation should be continued to be studied in different patient groups and conditions. The attitudes and behaviors of nurses in the role of explaining and educating unknown situations, which is one of the important factors in the patient's anxiety, are found to be very important. It is recommended that the patient adopt supportive and holistic care in order to adapt to his/her role in the hospital and the treatment process.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Ameliyat Sonrası, Anksiyete, Hasta, Kan Transfüzyonu, Anxiety, Blood Transfusion, Patient, Post Operative
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Saldı, İ. (2024). Ameliyat sonrası kan transfüzyonu yapılan hastalarda anksiyete düzeyi ve etkileyen faktörler. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Hemşirelik Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
