Gazneli Mahmud'un dinî siyaseti
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Tarih
2018
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Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
V/XI. yüzyılda Gazne merkezli büyük bir devlet kurarak fetih hareketleriyle sınırlarını Mâverâünnehir'den kuzey Hindistan'a kadar genişleten, 33 yıllık saltanatı boyunca Sünnî İslam'ı hâkim kılmaya çalışan Gazneli Mahmud, dinî, siyasî, askerî ve ilmî faaliyetleriyle İslam bayraktarlığını yapmıştır. Yaptırdığı cami ve medrese, yetiştirdiği ulemâ ve şuarânın yanı sıra put haneleri yıkıp Ehl-i Sünnet dışı fırkalara karşı verdiği mücadelesiyle Müslümanların gönlünde taht kurmuştur. Gazneli Mahmud'un iyi bir dinî, siyâsî ve askerî eğitim almasında başta babası Sebük Tegin olmak üzere Gazne ulemâ ve ümerâsı aktif rolü üstlenmiş, dinî siyasetine yön verecek Ehl-i Sünnet çizgisine göre yetişmesini sağlamışlardır. Onun saray teşkilatını oluşturan vezirler, sâhib-i divanlar, emirler, valiler, kâdılar ve şairler ile ilmî camiayı temsil eden müderrisler, fakihler ve mutasavvıflar iç ve dış siyasetinin şekillenmesinde birinci derece rol oynamışlardır. Bunlar, Hindistan fetih hareketlerinin gerçekleşmesi, Abbâsî Hilafeti ve bölge devletlerle ilişkilerinin Sünnî İslam anlayışı üzerine etkin bir şekilde yürütülmesini sağlamışlardır. Gazneli Mahmud, dinî siyaseti gereği iç ve dış siyasetinde çatışma ve savaşın aksine barış ve müzakereyi ön planda tutmuştur. Bu çerçevede aşırı fırkalara karşı mücadele etmiş, Hindistan fetih hareketlerine durmadan devam etmiş, Sünnî İslam âlemini temsil eden Abbâsîlerle iyi münasebetler kurmuş ve Müslüman Karahanlı Devleti ile siyasî ve ailevî ilişkilerini geliştirmiştir.
Mahmud of Ghazni who enlarged the borders from Mâverâünnehir to North India by the means of the conquest movements by establishing a Ghazni -centred great state in V/XI century and who attempted to make the Sunni Islam dominate during his reign has been in the forefront of Islam with his religious, political, military and scientific activities. He enshrined the Moslems' memory with the mosque and the madrasa which he had built, as well as the ulema and shuara whom he trained with his struggle against the Ahl-i Sunnet sects by destroying their idol temples. Mainly his father, Sebuk Tegin and Ghazni Ulemas and Umayyas took an active role in his good religious, political and military education and trained him according to the Ahl-i Sunnah style, which would dominate his religious politics. The viziers, sâhib-i divans, emirs, governors, kadıs and poets who constitute his palace organization and the mudarrisses, fakihis and sufis, who represent the scientific community, played a primary role in shaping the internal and external politics. They enabled the realization of the Indian conquest movements and efficient maintenance of relationship with the Abbasid Caliphate and regional states on the Sunni Islamic understanding. Mahmud of Ghazni gave particular importance to peace and debate in his internal and external politics due to his religious politics in contrast to conflict and war. In this framework, he struggled against radical sects, continued to conquer India without ceasing, established good relations with the Abbasids representing the Sunni Islamic world, and developed political and familial affairs with the Muslim Karakhanid State.
Mahmud of Ghazni who enlarged the borders from Mâverâünnehir to North India by the means of the conquest movements by establishing a Ghazni -centred great state in V/XI century and who attempted to make the Sunni Islam dominate during his reign has been in the forefront of Islam with his religious, political, military and scientific activities. He enshrined the Moslems' memory with the mosque and the madrasa which he had built, as well as the ulema and shuara whom he trained with his struggle against the Ahl-i Sunnet sects by destroying their idol temples. Mainly his father, Sebuk Tegin and Ghazni Ulemas and Umayyas took an active role in his good religious, political and military education and trained him according to the Ahl-i Sunnah style, which would dominate his religious politics. The viziers, sâhib-i divans, emirs, governors, kadıs and poets who constitute his palace organization and the mudarrisses, fakihis and sufis, who represent the scientific community, played a primary role in shaping the internal and external politics. They enabled the realization of the Indian conquest movements and efficient maintenance of relationship with the Abbasid Caliphate and regional states on the Sunni Islamic understanding. Mahmud of Ghazni gave particular importance to peace and debate in his internal and external politics due to his religious politics in contrast to conflict and war. In this framework, he struggled against radical sects, continued to conquer India without ceasing, established good relations with the Abbasids representing the Sunni Islamic world, and developed political and familial affairs with the Muslim Karakhanid State.
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Zeki, İ. (2018). Gazneli Mahmud'un dinî siyaseti. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
