İkinci meşrutiyet'ten fulbright komisyonu'na; Türk eğitim sisteminde batı etkisi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2019
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
XIX. yüzyılın ikinci yarısından itibaren Türk eğitim sisteminde yenileşme-modernleşme sürecine girilmiştir. Bu kapsamda Avrupa'ya öğrenciler gönderilmiş, Avrupa'dan yabancı uzmanlar ve öğretmenler getirilerek kurumlarda görevlendirilmiştir. Ülkeye getirilen uzmanlar eli ile eğitim örgütleri ve eğitim-öğretim müfredatı yeniden düzenlenmiştir. Böylece okullarda modern düşünceye sahip insan yetiştirilmesi hedeflenmiştir. Cumhuriyet devrinde ise modernleşme, Osmanlı döneminden çok daha seküler bir bağlamda ele alınarak uygulamaya konulmuştur. Bu döneminde Avrupa'dan uzman getirilmesi ve öğrenci-öğretmen gönderilmesi uygulaması devam etmiştir. Türk eğitim sisteminin Batı ile etkileşiminde Fulbright programının özel bir yeri vardır. Türkiye ile ABD arasındaki anlaşma ile 1949 yılında kurulan Fulbright Eğitim Komisyonu; öğrenci, öğretmen ve öğretim üyesi değişimi ile iki ülke arasında kültür etkileşimi hedeflenmiştir. Fulbright bursu ile ABD'de eğitim alan Türk öğrenciler ve Türkiye'ye Fulbright bursu ile gelen ABD'li eğitimciler ve uzmanlar Türk eğitim sisteminin yeniden yapılanmasında etkili olmuşlardır. Modern standartlara göre iyi eğitim almış olan Fulbright bursiyerleri Türkiye kamu idaresinde ve eğitim kurumlarında önemli görevler yapmışlardır ve halen yapmaktadırlar. Fulbright bursiyerlerinin etkisi ile Türk eğitim sistemi; insan kaynağı, okul binaları, öğretim programları, eğitim materyalleri, öğrenci, öğretmen, öğretim üyesi kültürü ve öğretim yöntem-teknikleri bakımından Batılılaşmıştır.
The process of remodelling and modernization in Turkish education system was initiated in the second half of the XIX. century. Within this scope, Turkish students were sent to Europe, and European experts along with teachers were assigned to the institutions in Turkey. Educational organizations and educational curricula were redesigned through the help of the experts brought from Europe. Thus, it was aimed to bring up people with modern thinking style. The modernization during the Republic Period has been dealt with and put into practice in much more secular context. The previous practices like transferring foreign experts and sending students and teachers to Europe have been maintained. Fulbright Program has a special place in the interaction of Turkish education system with the West. Established by a binational agreement signed between Turkey and the USA in 1949, the Fulbright Commission aims to form cultural interaction through the exchange of students, teachers and academics. The Turkish students who have been educated in the USA through the Fulbright scholarship and the American educationalists and experts who have come to Turkey in the same way have been influential in restructuring the Turkish education. Those educated in contemporary standards by means of the Fulbright scholarship have fulfilled, and still do, significant duties in public administration and education institutions. Through the impact of Fulbright scholars, the Turkish education system has been westernized in terms of human resources, school buildings, curriculums, education materials, teaching methods-techniques and the culture of student, teacher and academics.
The process of remodelling and modernization in Turkish education system was initiated in the second half of the XIX. century. Within this scope, Turkish students were sent to Europe, and European experts along with teachers were assigned to the institutions in Turkey. Educational organizations and educational curricula were redesigned through the help of the experts brought from Europe. Thus, it was aimed to bring up people with modern thinking style. The modernization during the Republic Period has been dealt with and put into practice in much more secular context. The previous practices like transferring foreign experts and sending students and teachers to Europe have been maintained. Fulbright Program has a special place in the interaction of Turkish education system with the West. Established by a binational agreement signed between Turkey and the USA in 1949, the Fulbright Commission aims to form cultural interaction through the exchange of students, teachers and academics. The Turkish students who have been educated in the USA through the Fulbright scholarship and the American educationalists and experts who have come to Turkey in the same way have been influential in restructuring the Turkish education. Those educated in contemporary standards by means of the Fulbright scholarship have fulfilled, and still do, significant duties in public administration and education institutions. Through the impact of Fulbright scholars, the Turkish education system has been westernized in terms of human resources, school buildings, curriculums, education materials, teaching methods-techniques and the culture of student, teacher and academics.
Açıklama
Doktora Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Eğitim Reformu, Fulbright Eğitim Komisyonu, Eğitim, Batılılaşma, William Fulbright, Education Deform, Fulbright Commission, education, Westernization, William Fulbright
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Çelik, H. İ. (2019). İkinci meşrutiyet'ten fulbright komisyonu'na; Türk eğitim sisteminde batı etkisi. (Yayınlanmamış Doktora Tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
