Kars’ta Bulunan Rus Dönemi Yapılarının Cephe Karakterinin Göstergebilimsel Yaklaşımla Analizi
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2021
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/embargoedAccess
Özet
göstergebilime dayalı olarak okunabilir, yorumlanabilir ve anlamlandırılabilir. Mimarlık ürünleri bir anlamda kültür, ideoloji, din vb. birçok farklı toplumsal birikimin geçmişten günümüze aktarımı konusunda örtük mesajlar içeren güçlü birer iletişim aracıdır. Bu çalışmada, Kars ilinde sınırlı sayıda bulunan Baltık mimari üslubuna sahip yapıların, cephe karakterini oluşturan mimari ögeler ve bezemeler üzerinden döneminin tasarım felsefelerinin ve içerdikleri mesajların okunması amaçlanmıştır. Çalışmanın kapsamını Kars ili, Haydar Aliyev Caddesi üzerinde yer alan ve kent dokusu içindeki yapılardan özgün cephe karakterini büyük oranda günümüzde de koruyanlar oluşturmaktadır. Bu çerçevede konut, konak ve kamu yapılarından, Fischer (2015)’in yapıların anlamlandırılması ve değerlendirilmesinde ortaya koyduğu konum, büyüklük-ölçü, malzeme, biçim ve düzenlemeden oluşan değer ölçütlerine cevap verebilir nitelikteki 10 adet yapı seçilmiştir. Seçilen yapıların cephe yüzeyinde yer alan pilaster, kapı, pencere ve saçaklık ögeleri ve bezemeleri, Eco (2019)’nun ortaya koyduğu göstergebilimsel yaklaşımların sentezlenmesi ile elde edilen yapı ögesi okuma çizelgesi yardımı ile okunmuştur. Görsel veriler üzerinden okumalar ile çıkarılan anlamlar; sentaktik, semantik ve pragmatik boyutlarda yorumlanarak hem tek yapı ölçeğinde hem de yapı örüntüsü içinde değerlendirilmiş ve Kars ilindeki Rus yapıların cephe karakterlerinin belli bir anlayışla tasarlandığı belirlenmiştir. Çalışmada incelenen yapılardaki bu tasarım anlayışının, Fischer (2015)’in ortaya koyduğu değer ölçütleri (yapıların; cadde kotundaki değişime göre konumlanmalarından, cephe yüzey genişliklerinden ve cephe karakterlerine yansıyan bezeme zenginliklerindeki farklılıklar) ile örtüştüğü sonucuna varılmıştır.
Architecture, which is a discipline based on observation, perception and experience; It can be read, interpreted and interpreted based on semiotics through the architectural products put forward. Architectural products in a sense, culture, ideology, religion, etc. They are powerful communication tools that contain implicit messages about the transfer of many different social accumulations from the past to the present. In this study, it is aimed to read the design philosophies of the period and the messages they contain through the architectural elements and decorations that make up the facade character of the Baltic architectural style buildings, which are limited in number in Kars. The scope of the study consists of the buildings that are located on Haydar Aliyev Street in Kars province and that preserve their original facade character to a large extent today. In this framework, 10 buildings were selected from residences, mansions and public buildings that could respond to the value criteria of Fischer (2015)'s location, size-dimension, material, form and arrangement in the interpretation and evaluation of the buildings. The pilaster, door, window and entablature elements and decorations on the facade surface of the selected buildings were read with the help of the building element reading chart obtained by synthesizing the semiotic approaches put forward by Eco (2019). Meanings extracted by readings over visual data; It was interpreted in syntactic, semantic and pragmatic dimensions and evaluated both in a single building scale and within a building pattern, and it was determined that the facade characters of the Russian buildings in Kars were designed with a certain understanding. It has been concluded that this design approach in the buildings examined in the study coincides with the value criteria (differences in the positioning of the buildings according to the change in street level, the width of the facades and the richness of decoration reflected on the facade characters) put forth by Fischer (2015).
Architecture, which is a discipline based on observation, perception and experience; It can be read, interpreted and interpreted based on semiotics through the architectural products put forward. Architectural products in a sense, culture, ideology, religion, etc. They are powerful communication tools that contain implicit messages about the transfer of many different social accumulations from the past to the present. In this study, it is aimed to read the design philosophies of the period and the messages they contain through the architectural elements and decorations that make up the facade character of the Baltic architectural style buildings, which are limited in number in Kars. The scope of the study consists of the buildings that are located on Haydar Aliyev Street in Kars province and that preserve their original facade character to a large extent today. In this framework, 10 buildings were selected from residences, mansions and public buildings that could respond to the value criteria of Fischer (2015)'s location, size-dimension, material, form and arrangement in the interpretation and evaluation of the buildings. The pilaster, door, window and entablature elements and decorations on the facade surface of the selected buildings were read with the help of the building element reading chart obtained by synthesizing the semiotic approaches put forward by Eco (2019). Meanings extracted by readings over visual data; It was interpreted in syntactic, semantic and pragmatic dimensions and evaluated both in a single building scale and within a building pattern, and it was determined that the facade characters of the Russian buildings in Kars were designed with a certain understanding. It has been concluded that this design approach in the buildings examined in the study coincides with the value criteria (differences in the positioning of the buildings according to the change in street level, the width of the facades and the richness of decoration reflected on the facade characters) put forth by Fischer (2015).
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Baltık mimarisi, cephe çözümlemesi, göstergebilim, mimari algı, mimari dil, Architectural language, architectural perception, baltic architecture, facade analysis, semiotics
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Peker, G. (2021). Kars’ta bulunan Rus dönemi yapılarının cephe karakterinin göstergebilimsel yaklaşımla analizi. (Yayınlanmamış Yüksek Lisans Tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Fen Bilimleri Enstitüsü Mimarlık Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
