Okul öncesi dönem pediatrik hastaların ebeveynlerinin sağlık algıları ve üçüncü el sigara dumanı hakkındaki inanışlarının değerlendirilmesi
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Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
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Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Sigaranın sağlık üzerine olan olumsuz etkileri sadece kullanıcı ile sınırlı kalmayıp İkinci El Sigara Dumanı (İESD) ve Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı (ÜESD) maruziyetine yol açarak tüm toplumu etkilemektedir. Günümüzde halen İESD'nin sağlığa olan zararlı etkileri tartışılırken ÜESD'ye yönelik çalışma sayısı oldukça azdır. Bu çalışmanın amacı; okul öncesi dönem pediatrik hasta ebeveynlerinin sağlık algıları ile üçüncü el sigara dumanına yönelik inanış ve tutumları arasındaki ilişkinin araştırılmasıdır. Gereç ve yöntem: Bu çalışma, Konya Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Meram Tıp Fakültesi Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Polikliniği ile Aile Hekimliği Polikliniği'ne Ekim 2021-Ocak 2022 tarihleri arasında başvuran okul öncesi dönem pediatrik hastaların ebeveynleri ile yürütülen kesitsel ve tanımlayıcı tipte bir araştırmadır. Katılımcılara araştırmacılar tarafından oluşturulan sosyodemografik bilgi formu, Üçüncü El Sigara Dumanı Hakkındaki İnanışlar (BATHS-T) Ölçeği ve Sağlık Algısı Ölçeği'ni (SAÖ) içeren anket formu yüz yüze uygulandı. Elde edilen veriler değerlendirilirken istatistiksel analizler için SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 20.0 programı kullanıldı. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0,05 olarak kabul edildi. Bulgular: Çalışmada 500 ebeveyn değerlendirildi. Ebeveynlerin %74,6'sını anneler, %25,4'ünü babalar oluşturmaktaydı. Annelerin yaş ortalaması 30,34±5,56 yıl, babaların yaş ortalaması ise 33,35±5,87 yıl idi. Annelerin ÜESD ölçek puan ortalaması (39,20±5,79), babaların ÜESD ölçek puan ortalamasından (36,94±5,85) yüksek bulundu (p<0,001). Ebeveynlerin %20,4'ü sigara kullanıyordu. Annelerin %10,5'i, babaların ise %49,6'sı sigara kullanmaktaydı (p<0,001). ÜESD ölçeği ortalama puanı sigara kullananlarda (37,45±6,62), sigara kullanmayanlara (38,92±5,65) göre daha düşük bulundu (p=0,041). SAÖ kontrol merkezi puan ortalaması; annelerde (15,37±4,59), babalardan (16,93±3,87) düşük saptandı (p<0,001). SAÖ sağlığın önemi alt faktörü puan ortalaması; sigara kullanan katılımcılarda (11,16±2,12), sigara kullanmayanlara (11,76±1,95) kıyasla daha düşük bulundu (p=0,006). SAÖ toplam puan ortalaması; ÜESD kavramından haberdar olanlarda (52,95±7,15), ÜESD kavramını daha önce hiç duymayanlara (49,66±6,99) kıyasla daha yüksekti (p=0,001). Çalışmaya dahil edilen çocukların %17'si kapalı ortamda tütün dumanına maruz kalıyordu. Solunum yolu şikayetleri ve alerjik şikayetler nedeniyle hastaneye başvuran çocukların %19,5'i kapalı ortamda tütün dumanına maruz kalıyorken bu oran diğer sebeplerle hastaneye başvuran çocuklarda %11,2 idi ve bu fark anlamlı bulundu (p=0,022). Kapalı ortamda tütün dumanı maruziyeti olan çocukların %71,8'inin ebeveyninin lise ve altı eğitim düzeyine sahip olduğu, kapalı ortamda tütün dumanına maruz kalmayan çocukların ise %56,9'unun ebeveyninin lise ve altı eğitim düzeyine sahip olduğu görüldü (p=0,011). Sonuç: Sigara, kullanıcının yanı sıra İESD ve ÜESD maruziyeti yoluyla tüm toplumu etkilemektedir. Günümüzde yeni bir kavram olan ÜESD'ye maruziyet açısından büyük risk altında olan çocukları korumak için ebeveynlerin bilinçlendirilmesi gerekmektedir. Bu hem ÜESD hakkında bilgilendirme yaparak hem de bireylerin sağlık algılarının gelişmesini sağlayıp, onları sigara içme davranışından uzaklaştırıp sağlıklı yaşam biçimi davranışlarına yönelterek mümkün olacaktır ve bu bağlamda en önemli etken eğitimdir. Anahtar kelimeler: Sigara, üçüncü el sigara dumanı, sağlık algısı, çocuk sağlığı, aile hekimliği
The negative effects of smoking on health are not only limited to the user, but also affect the whole society by causing second-hand smoke (SHS) and third-hand smoke (THS) exposure. Today, while the harmfull effects of SHS on health are still being discussed, there are very few studies on THS. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between health perceptions of preschool pediatric patient parents and their beliefs and attitudes towards third-hand smoke. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional and descriptive study conducted with the parents of preschool pediatric patients who applied to Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic and Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic between October 2021 and January 2022. The sociodemographic information form created by the researchers, the Beliefs About Third-Hand Smoke Scale (BATHS-T) and the Perception of Health Scale were administered to the participants face to face. While evaluating the obtained data, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 20.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: Of 500 parents evaluated in the study, 74.6% were mothers and 25.4% were fathers. The mean age of the mothers was 30.34±5.56 years, and the mean age of the fathers was 33.35±5.87 years. The mean BATHS-T score of the mothers (39.20±5.79) was higher than the mean BATHS-T score of the fathers (36.94±5.85) (p<0.001). Of the participants 20.4% were smokers. When we look at the smoking rates, 10.5% of the mothers and 49.6% of the fathers were smokers (p<0.001). The mean score of the BATHS-T was found to be lower in smokers (37.45±6.62) than in non-smokers (38.92±5.65) (p=0.041). Perception of health scale control center domain scores were found to be lower in mothers (15.37±4.59) than fathers (16.93±3.87) (p<0.001). Perception of health scale importance of health sub-factor scores were found to be lower in smokers (11.16±2.12) compared to non-smokers (11.76±1.95) (p=0.006). Perception of health scale total scores were higher in those who were aware of the concept of THS (52.95±7.15) compared to those who had never heard of THS (49.66±6.99) (p=0.001). Of the children, 17% were exposed to tobacco smoke indoors. While 19.5% of children admitted to the hospital due to respiratory and allergic complaints were exposed to tobacco smoke indoors, this rate was 11.2% in children admitted to the hospital for other reasons, and this difference was significant (p=0.022). It was seen that the parents of 71.8% of the children who were exposed to tobacco smoke indoors had a high school education level or below, while the parents of 56.9% of the children who were not exposed to tobacco smoke indoors had a high school education level or below (p=0.011). Conclusion: Smoking not only affects the user but also the entire society by causing second-hand smoke and third-hand smoke exposure. Currently, in order to protect children who are at great risk for exposure to THS, which is a new concept, it is necessary to raise awareness of the parents. This will be possible both by informing about THS and by improving the health perceptions of individuals, by motivating them to quit and directing them to healthy lifestyle behaviors by education. Keywords: Smoking, third hand smoke, health perception, child health, family medicine
The negative effects of smoking on health are not only limited to the user, but also affect the whole society by causing second-hand smoke (SHS) and third-hand smoke (THS) exposure. Today, while the harmfull effects of SHS on health are still being discussed, there are very few studies on THS. The aim of this study is to investigate the relationship between health perceptions of preschool pediatric patient parents and their beliefs and attitudes towards third-hand smoke. Materials and Methods: This study is a cross-sectional and descriptive study conducted with the parents of preschool pediatric patients who applied to Konya Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical Faculty Pediatrics Outpatient Clinic and Family Medicine Outpatient Clinic between October 2021 and January 2022. The sociodemographic information form created by the researchers, the Beliefs About Third-Hand Smoke Scale (BATHS-T) and the Perception of Health Scale were administered to the participants face to face. While evaluating the obtained data, SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) for Windows 20.0 program was used for statistical analysis. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05. Results: Of 500 parents evaluated in the study, 74.6% were mothers and 25.4% were fathers. The mean age of the mothers was 30.34±5.56 years, and the mean age of the fathers was 33.35±5.87 years. The mean BATHS-T score of the mothers (39.20±5.79) was higher than the mean BATHS-T score of the fathers (36.94±5.85) (p<0.001). Of the participants 20.4% were smokers. When we look at the smoking rates, 10.5% of the mothers and 49.6% of the fathers were smokers (p<0.001). The mean score of the BATHS-T was found to be lower in smokers (37.45±6.62) than in non-smokers (38.92±5.65) (p=0.041). Perception of health scale control center domain scores were found to be lower in mothers (15.37±4.59) than fathers (16.93±3.87) (p<0.001). Perception of health scale importance of health sub-factor scores were found to be lower in smokers (11.16±2.12) compared to non-smokers (11.76±1.95) (p=0.006). Perception of health scale total scores were higher in those who were aware of the concept of THS (52.95±7.15) compared to those who had never heard of THS (49.66±6.99) (p=0.001). Of the children, 17% were exposed to tobacco smoke indoors. While 19.5% of children admitted to the hospital due to respiratory and allergic complaints were exposed to tobacco smoke indoors, this rate was 11.2% in children admitted to the hospital for other reasons, and this difference was significant (p=0.022). It was seen that the parents of 71.8% of the children who were exposed to tobacco smoke indoors had a high school education level or below, while the parents of 56.9% of the children who were not exposed to tobacco smoke indoors had a high school education level or below (p=0.011). Conclusion: Smoking not only affects the user but also the entire society by causing second-hand smoke and third-hand smoke exposure. Currently, in order to protect children who are at great risk for exposure to THS, which is a new concept, it is necessary to raise awareness of the parents. This will be possible both by informing about THS and by improving the health perceptions of individuals, by motivating them to quit and directing them to healthy lifestyle behaviors by education. Keywords: Smoking, third hand smoke, health perception, child health, family medicine
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Sigara, Üçüncü el sigara dumanı, Sağlık algısı, Çocuk sağlığı, Aile hekimliği, Smoking, Third hand smoke, Health perception, Child health, Family medicine
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Üçüncü, E. (2022). Okul öncesi dönem pediatrik hastaların ebeveynlerinin sağlık algıları ve üçüncü el sigara dumanı hakkındaki inanışlarının değerlendirilmesi. (Yayınlanmamış tıpta uzmanlık tezi) Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Meram Tıp Fakültesi Dahili Tıp Bilimleri Bölümü Aile Hekimliği Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
