Cahiliye Dönemi ve İslâm'ın ilk asrı Arap toplumunda kadının aile içi statüsündeki değişim
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Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Tarihteki her dönemde ve toplumda olduğu gibi bu Câhiliye Dönemi’nde de aile kuruluşunda bazı örf-âdetler söz konusu olmuştur. Evlenme sürecinde erkeğin ailesinin kızın ailesinden kızı istemesi, mehir, nikâh ve boşanma çeşitleri bunlardan bazılarıdır. Evlendikten sonra kadına, hem anne hem eş olarak sorumluluklar yüklenmiş buna rağmen aile içindeki haklarından mahrum edilmiştir. Aynı şekilde kız çocuklarının yaşam hakları ellerinden alınmıştır. O dönemde ailenin bir üyesi olan ve genelde savaşlarda elde edilen câriyelerin de hiçbir değeri olmamış, eşya gibi alınıp satılmış hatta fuhuşa zorlanarak onlar üzerinden para kazanılmıştır. İslâm’ın gelişiyle birlikte gelen müspet uygulamalar kadınları da kapsamıştır. Evlilik öncesi, evlilik süreci ve evlilik sonrasında kadınların aleyhinde olan uygulamalar aynı şekilde devam etmemiş, tamamen kaldırılmış veya ıslah edilmiştir. Kız çocuklarına ve yetimlere karşı merhamet duygusu aşılanmıştır. Çeşitli sebeplerden dolayı kölelik hemen kaldırılmamış fakat yavaş yavaş kaldırılması için yol açılmıştır. Dört Halife Dönemi’nde kadınlar hakkındaki İslâm’ın getirdiği uygulamalar sürdürülmüş, Emevî Dönemi’nde ise bazı değişikliklere uğramıştır. Bu çalışmada kapsam, kadının aile içindeki statüsüyle sınırlandırılmış, bu çerçevede Câhiliye ve İslâm Dönemi Arap Toplumundaki kadının konumu mukayese edilmiştir.
Although there are some exceptions, women in pre-Islâmic Arab society were not valued in the family as in society. In this period, as in every period and society in history, there were some customs-traditions in the establishment of the family. During the marriage process, the man's family asking the girl from the girl's family, the mahr, the types of marriage and divorce which were abolished or reformed in the İslâmic period some of these. After marriage, the responsibilities of women as both mother and wife in the family were high. Despite this, their rights within the family were few. Likewise, the right to life of girls was taken away from them. At that time, concubines, who were one of the family and generally obtained in wars, were also of no value. Practices against women before, during and after marriage did not continue in the same way, on the contrary, they were completely abolished or reformed. A sense of compassion towards girls and orphans was instilled. Although slavery was not abolished immediately for various reasons, he prepared the ground for its gradual abolition. The practices offered by Islam for women were continued during the Period of the Four Caliphs, but they underwent some changes in the Umayyad Period. In this research, the scope is limited to the status of women in the family, and in this context, the status of women in the Arab Society of the Period of Jahiliyya and Islam is compared.
Although there are some exceptions, women in pre-Islâmic Arab society were not valued in the family as in society. In this period, as in every period and society in history, there were some customs-traditions in the establishment of the family. During the marriage process, the man's family asking the girl from the girl's family, the mahr, the types of marriage and divorce which were abolished or reformed in the İslâmic period some of these. After marriage, the responsibilities of women as both mother and wife in the family were high. Despite this, their rights within the family were few. Likewise, the right to life of girls was taken away from them. At that time, concubines, who were one of the family and generally obtained in wars, were also of no value. Practices against women before, during and after marriage did not continue in the same way, on the contrary, they were completely abolished or reformed. A sense of compassion towards girls and orphans was instilled. Although slavery was not abolished immediately for various reasons, he prepared the ground for its gradual abolition. The practices offered by Islam for women were continued during the Period of the Four Caliphs, but they underwent some changes in the Umayyad Period. In this research, the scope is limited to the status of women in the family, and in this context, the status of women in the Arab Society of the Period of Jahiliyya and Islam is compared.
Açıklama
Yüksek Lisans Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Tarih, Ortaçağ Tarihi, Câhiliye Dönemi, İslâm’ın İlk Asrı, Aile, Kadın, History, Medieval History, Ignorance Period, First Century of Islam, Family, Marriage, Woman
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Kurt, F. S. (2024). Cahiliye Dönemi ve İslâm'ın ilk asrı Arap toplumunda kadının aile içi statüsündeki değişim. (Yayımlanmamış yüksek lisans tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
