Millî Mücadele Dönemi’nde Kırım Türkleri (1919-1922)
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Dosyalar
Tarih
2022
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Millî Mücadele’nin başarıya ulaşmasında ve Türkiye Cumhuriyeti’nin kurulmasında pay sahibi olan
muhacir toplumlardan biri de Kırım Türkleri’dir. Onların bu başarılarında; Rusya’nın emperyalist
politikaları sonucu meydana gelen göçlerle Anadolu’da ulaştıkları demografik potansiyelleri, nispeten
ileri tarım yöntemleriyle elde ettikleri ekonomik güçleri ve at etrafında şekillenen kadim kültürleri etkili
olmuştur. Söz konusu özellikleriyle Kırım Türkleri, Osmanlı Devleti’nin son on yılındaki gelişmelerde,
özellikle Millî Mücadele’de belirleyici rol oynamıştır. Güney Cephesi’nde Fransız ve Ermenilere; Batı
Cephesi’nde ise İngilizlerin desteklediği Yunanistan ve yerli Rumlara karşı Kuva-yı Milliye
birliklerinde mücadele etmişlerdir. Bunlar arasında İnce Ali ve Ayşe Çavuş gibi kendi müfrezelerini
kurarak Millî Mücadele’ye katkı sunanlar vardır. Kırım Türkleri, ayrıca cephe gerisindeki birçok
faaliyete katılmıştır. Hilal-i Ahmer Cemiyeti’ne yönelik faaliyetlerle; millî ordunun iaşe, ulaşım ve
haberleşme gibi hayati derecede önem taşıyan ihtiyaçlarının karşılanmasında pek çok Kırım Tatar köyü
büyük fedakârlık göstermiştir. 1920 yılının sonlarından itibaren Kırım Türkleri, düzenli orduya katılarak
Millî Mücadele’ye destek olmayı sürdürmüştür. Bu bağlamda çoğu II. Abdülhamit döneminde kurulan
pek çok Kırım Tatar köyünden yüzlerce genç; süvari, topçu ve piyade gibi çeşitli sınıflarda Türk
ordusunda görev almıştır. Bunların büyük bölümü şehit ya da gazi olarak yeni vatanlarına son
görevlerini yerine getirmiştir. Bunun yanında çeşitli sınıf ve rütbeden pek çok Kırımlı subay da düzenli
orduya destek vermiştir. Bu tez, XX. yüzyılda Osmanlı nüfusu içinde önemli bir yer işgal eden Kırım
Türkleri’nin, Millî Mücadele’deki rolünü aydınlatmak amacıyla yapılmıştır. Arşiv belgeleri, hatırat
eserler, süreli yayınlar ve telif eserlerden yararlanılarak hazırlanan çalışmada, Kırım Türkleri’nin Millî
Mücadele’ye önemli katkılar sundukları görülmüştür.
One of the immigrant communities that had a share in the success of the National Struggle and the establishment of the Turkish Republic is the Crimean Turks. In their success; the demographic potential they reached in Anatolia with the migrations that occurred as a result of the imperialist policies of Russia, the economic power they obtained through relatively advanced agricultural methods and their ancient cultures shaped around horses were influential. With these characteristics, the Crimean Turks played a decisive role in the developments in the last ten years of the Ottoman Empire, especially, in the National Struggle. To the French and Armenians on the Southern Front; On the Western Front, they fought in the Kuva-yı Milliye units against Greece and the native Greeks supported by the British. Among them, there are those who contributed to the National Struggle by establishing their own detachments, such as, İnce Ali and Ayşe Çavuş. Crimean Turks also participated in many activities behind the front. With activities for the Red Crescent Society; many Crimean Tatar villages have made great sacrifices in meeting the vital needs of the national army, such as subsistence, transportation and communication. Since the end of 1920, Crimean Turks continued to support the National Struggle by joining the regular army. In this context, hundreds of young people from many Crimean Tatar villages, most founded during the reign of II. Abdulhamid; they served in the Turkish army in various classes such as cavalry, artillery and infantry. Most of them have fulfilled their last duty to their new homeland as martyrs or veterans. However, many Crimean officers from various classes and ranks also supported the regular army. This thesis was built in order to illuminate the role of the Crimean Turks, who occupied an important place among the Ottoman population in the 20th century, in the National Struggle. In study, which was prepared by using archival documents, memoirs, periodicals and copyrighted works, it was seen that the Crimean Turks made important contributions to the National Struggle.
One of the immigrant communities that had a share in the success of the National Struggle and the establishment of the Turkish Republic is the Crimean Turks. In their success; the demographic potential they reached in Anatolia with the migrations that occurred as a result of the imperialist policies of Russia, the economic power they obtained through relatively advanced agricultural methods and their ancient cultures shaped around horses were influential. With these characteristics, the Crimean Turks played a decisive role in the developments in the last ten years of the Ottoman Empire, especially, in the National Struggle. To the French and Armenians on the Southern Front; On the Western Front, they fought in the Kuva-yı Milliye units against Greece and the native Greeks supported by the British. Among them, there are those who contributed to the National Struggle by establishing their own detachments, such as, İnce Ali and Ayşe Çavuş. Crimean Turks also participated in many activities behind the front. With activities for the Red Crescent Society; many Crimean Tatar villages have made great sacrifices in meeting the vital needs of the national army, such as subsistence, transportation and communication. Since the end of 1920, Crimean Turks continued to support the National Struggle by joining the regular army. In this context, hundreds of young people from many Crimean Tatar villages, most founded during the reign of II. Abdulhamid; they served in the Turkish army in various classes such as cavalry, artillery and infantry. Most of them have fulfilled their last duty to their new homeland as martyrs or veterans. However, many Crimean officers from various classes and ranks also supported the regular army. This thesis was built in order to illuminate the role of the Crimean Turks, who occupied an important place among the Ottoman population in the 20th century, in the National Struggle. In study, which was prepared by using archival documents, memoirs, periodicals and copyrighted works, it was seen that the Crimean Turks made important contributions to the National Struggle.
Açıklama
Doktora Tezi
Anahtar Kelimeler
Millî Mücadele, Ayşe Çavuş, Kuva-yı Milliye, Düzenli ordu, Hilal-i Ahmer Cemiyeti, National Struggle, Ayşe Sergeant, Regular Army, Red Crescent Society
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
Özkan, Ü. (2022). Millî Mücadele Dönemi’nde Kırım Türkleri (1919-1922). (Yayımlanmamış doktora tezi). Necmettin Erbakan Üniversitesi, Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, Tarih Anabilim Dalı, Konya.
